بالاستناد إلى
Based on
Wörtlich: By the leaning upon to
Use this phrase to sound authoritative and grounded when citing evidence for your claims or decisions.
In 15 Sekunden
- Used to cite evidence or a source for your statement.
- Best for professional, academic, or serious logical discussions.
- Implies your conclusion is firmly supported by a foundation.
Bedeutung
This phrase is used to show that your opinion, decision, or statement is built on a specific piece of evidence or information. It's like saying, 'I am leaning on this fact to support what I am saying right now.'
Wichtige Beispiele
3 von 6Explaining a travel decision to a friend
بالاستناد إلى توقعات الطقس، قررنا تأجيل الرحلة.
Based on the weather forecast, we decided to postpone the trip.
A manager speaking in a business meeting
بالاستناد إلى أرقام المبيعات، نحتاج لتغيير خطتنا.
Based on the sales figures, we need to change our plan.
Texting a friend about a movie recommendation
بالاستناد إلى ذوقك السيئ، لن أشاهد هذا الفيلم!
Based on your bad taste, I will not watch this movie!
Kultureller Hintergrund
The root of the word is 'sanad,' which means a support or a pillar. In classical Arabic scholarship, particularly in Hadith studies, the 'sanad' was the backbone of authenticity. Today, using this phrase signals that you value objective truth and logical foundations over mere hearsay.
The 'Pillar' Trick
If you forget the word, remember 'Sanad' means a pillar. You are literally putting your argument on a pillar of truth.
Don't Overuse It
Using this in every sentence makes you sound like a textbook. Save it for the moments where you really need to sound convincing.
In 15 Sekunden
- Used to cite evidence or a source for your statement.
- Best for professional, academic, or serious logical discussions.
- Implies your conclusion is firmly supported by a foundation.
What It Means
Think of بالاستناد إلى as the intellectual version of a kickstand. You use it when you want to show that your thoughts aren't just floating in thin air. You are grounding them in something solid. It translates most naturally to 'based on' or 'relying on.' When you use this, you tell your listener that you have a source. It adds a layer of credibility to your words. It implies that if the source is strong, your argument is strong too.
How To Use It
You usually place this phrase at the very beginning of a sentence. It sets the stage for the conclusion you are about to drop. You can also use it in the middle of a sentence to justify a specific claim. It is almost always followed by a noun or a noun phrase. For example, you might say بالاستناد إلى الدراسات (based on studies). It functions as a bridge between a piece of data and your interpretation of it.
When To Use It
This is your go-to phrase for professional environments. Use it in business meetings when presenting a new strategy. It is perfect for academic writing or when debating a serious topic with friends. If you want to sound like an expert on a news panel, this is the phrase for you. It’s also great for texting when you want to prove a point using a link or a screenshot. It makes you sound organized and logical.
When NOT To Use It
Avoid using this in very casual or emotional settings. If you tell your partner, 'Based on the data, I love you,' it will sound like a robot wrote it. Don't use it for simple sensory experiences either. You wouldn't say, 'Based on my eyes, the sun is out.' It’s too heavy for small talk. If you use it while ordering a shawarma, the guy behind the counter might think you’re a lawyer on his lunch break.
Cultural Background
Arabic culture has a deep-rooted tradition called 'Isnad.' This was the practice of verifying the chain of people who passed down a story or a saying. Because of this history, citing your sources is seen as a sign of high character and intellect. Using بالاستناد إلى taps into that ancient respect for evidence and attribution. It shows you aren't just talking; you are part of a tradition of reasoned discourse.
Common Variations
You will often hear بناءً على (binā'an 'alā), which means 'built upon.' It is slightly more common in daily life. Another cousin is وفقاً لـ (wifqan li), which means 'according to.' While they are similar, بالاستناد إلى feels a bit more robust. It suggests a physical support or a foundation. It’s the difference between saying 'according to the map' and 'relying on the map's accuracy.'
Nutzungshinweise
This is a C1-level phrase because it requires a grasp of formal sentence structure. It is most effective in writing or structured speaking (like a presentation).
The 'Pillar' Trick
If you forget the word, remember 'Sanad' means a pillar. You are literally putting your argument on a pillar of truth.
Don't Overuse It
Using this in every sentence makes you sound like a textbook. Save it for the moments where you really need to sound convincing.
The Power of Attribution
In Arab culture, saying 'I think' is weak, but saying 'Based on [Source]' is powerful. It shows you are humble enough to rely on established facts.
Beispiele
6بالاستناد إلى توقعات الطقس، قررنا تأجيل الرحلة.
Based on the weather forecast, we decided to postpone the trip.
Using a logical source to justify a change in plans.
بالاستناد إلى أرقام المبيعات، نحتاج لتغيير خطتنا.
Based on the sales figures, we need to change our plan.
Professional use to justify a strategic pivot.
بالاستناد إلى ذوقك السيئ، لن أشاهد هذا الفيلم!
Based on your bad taste, I will not watch this movie!
A playful, slightly sarcastic use of a formal phrase.
بالاستناد إلى العقد، يحق لنا استرداد المبلغ.
Based on the contract, we have the right to a refund.
Standard legal/formal usage for rights and obligations.
بالاستناد إلى مواقفك السابقة، أنا أثق بك تماماً.
Based on your past actions, I trust you completely.
Using past evidence to support an emotional conclusion.
بالاستناد إلى التقارير الأخيرة، الوضع يتحسن.
Based on recent reports, the situation is improving.
Citing media as a source for an opinion.
Teste dich selbst
Choose the correct word to complete the phrase meaning 'Based on the law'.
___ القانون، هذا التصرف غير مسموح.
`بالاستناد إلى` is the standard way to cite a legal basis for a statement.
Which preposition always follows 'بالاستناد'?
بالاستناد ___ المعلومات المتوفرة...
The phrase is a fixed expression: `بالاستناد` is always followed by the preposition `إلى`.
🎉 Ergebnis: /2
Visuelle Lernhilfen
Formality Spectrum of 'Based On'
Using 'عشان' (because of) or 'من' (from).
عشان كلامك (Because of your words)
Using 'بناءً على' (built on).
بناءً على الخبر (Based on the news)
Using 'بالاستناد إلى' (relying on).
بالاستناد إلى الوثائق (Based on the documents)
Legalistic or high academic prose.
استناداً إلى حيثيات الحكم (Based on the merits of the judgment)
When to lean on 'بالاستناد إلى'
Courtroom/Legal
Citing a specific article of law.
Research Paper
Connecting data to a conclusion.
Office Meeting
Justifying a budget request.
Serious Debate
Proving a point with a source.
News Reporting
Attributing info to an official.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
12 FragenIt literally means 'By the leaning upon to.' It comes from the root s-n-d, which refers to physical support or a pillar.
Yes, but it might sound a bit formal or even sarcastic. For example, بالاستناد إلى غبائك (Based on your stupidity) is a common humorous way to tease a friend.
They are very similar. بناءً على (binā'an 'alā) means 'built upon' and is slightly more common in general formal speech, while بالاستناد إلى feels a bit more academic.
Yes, إلى (ilā) is essential. Without it, the phrase is grammatically incomplete. You always lean *to* or *upon* something.
Not usually. You wouldn't say 'Based on my heart.' Use it for things that can be proven or cited, like facts, actions, or words.
It is pronounced 'bil-is-ti-nād i-lā.' The 'i' in 'istinad' is very short.
It is primarily Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). In dialects, people might use shorter forms, but everyone will understand this in a formal context.
A common mistake is forgetting the ال (the) in الاستناد. It must be بالاستناد not بأستناد.
Constantly. You will see it in headlines like بالاستناد إلى مصادر مطلعة (Based on informed sources).
Rarely. It almost always introduces the source, so it comes before the noun it refers to.
There isn't a direct opposite, but you might say بشكل عشوائي (randomly) to imply something is NOT based on anything.
It can. In a legal context, it is very common, but it is also standard in high-level journalism and business.
Verwandte Redewendungen
بناءً على
وفقاً لـ
تبعاً لـ
اعتماداً على
بموجب
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