Persian

Persian words in Hindi follow Hindi grammar rules. They are not like foreign guests who refuse to follow house rules. They behave exactly like native Hindi words. You can add Hindi suffixes to them easily. For example, the Persian word dost (friend) becomes dosti (friendship). You use Hindi postpositions like ko, se, or mein with them. The gender of these words is usually fixed by usage. Most Persian words ending in ah or a are masculine. Examples include parda (curtain) or gunah (sin). Words ending in i are often feminine, like shadi (marriage). It is a very flexible system. You do not need to learn new Persian grammar. You just need to learn the vocabulary. Think of it like swapping a part in a car. The engine (grammar) stays the same. Only the fuel (vocabulary) changes slightly.

1. 1Persian words often use specific prefixes and suffixes. These are very common in Hindi today.
2. 2The prefix be- means 'without'.
3. 3be + ghar (home) = beghar (homeless).
4. 4be + sharm (shame) = besharm (shameless).
5. 5The prefix na- means 'not' or 'opposite'.
6. 6na + pasand (like) = napasand (dislike).
7. 7na + ummeed (hope) = naummeed (hopeless).
8. 8The suffix -dar means 'possessor' or 'owner'.
9. 9imaan (honesty) + dar = imaandaar (honest).
10. 10zameen (land) + dar = zameendar (landowner).
11. 11The suffix -baaz implies someone who plays or does something.
12. 12dhoka (deceit) + baaz = dhokebaaz (cheater).
13. 13chaal (trick) + baaz = chaalbaaz (trickster).
14. 14The suffix -daan refers to a container.
15. 15gul (flower) + daan = guldaan (vase).
16. 16namak (salt) + daan = namakdaan (salt shaker).

Use Persian words when you want to sound sophisticated. They are perfect for formal settings like job interviews. Legal terms in India are almost entirely Persian. If you are in a court, you will hear vakeel (lawyer) and faisla (judgment). Use them in poetry or romantic conversations too. Words like ishq (love) sound much deeper than their counterparts. They are also essential for daily life. You cannot order food without saying sabzi (vegetable) or gosht (meat). Use them when you want to bridge the gap between formal and casual. It is like wearing a blazer over a t-shirt. It works almost everywhere. Persian words give your Hindi a rhythmic, melodic quality. They make your sentences flow better in conversation.

Avoid heavy Persian vocabulary in strictly religious Sanskritized contexts. If you are at a traditional Hindu ceremony, use mitra instead of dost. Do not use them in highly technical scientific papers in Hindi. Pure Hindi or Sanskrit terms are preferred there. Also, do not overdo it in very rural settings. Some complex Persian words might sound too 'city-like' or 'bookish'. If you use too many, you might sound like a 19th-century poet. That is great for a stage, but weird at a grocery store. Keep it balanced. Don't be that person who uses tashrif rakhiye (please be seated) at a fast-food joint. Just say baithiye. Context is your best friend here.

The biggest mistake is the nuqta (the dot under letters). Many people say jindagi instead of zindagi. The dot changes the sound from 'j' to 'z'. It is a small dot but a big difference. Another mistake is mixing up f and ph. Persian words use f as in saaf (clean). Native Hindi words often use ph as in phal (fruit). Do not say saaph. It sounds uneducated to a trained ear. Yes, even native speakers mess this up sometimes! Another mistake is incorrect pluralization. People sometimes try to use Persian plurals in Hindi. For example, using kaagazaat instead of kaagazon. In modern Hindi, just stick to Hindi plural rules. Keep it simple and avoid the headache. Think of the nuqta like a grammar traffic light. If you ignore it, things get messy.

Compare Persian words with their Sanskrit equivalents. Persian words are often shorter and easier to pronounce. Sanskrit words like hriday (heart) feel heavy and formal. The Persian dil (heart) feels warm and emotional. Sanskrit words are often used in 'Shuddh' (pure) Hindi. Persian words are the backbone of 'Hindustani' (the common mix). Sanskrit terms like dhanyavaad (thank you) are common. But the Persian shukriya (thank you) feels more intimate. It is like the difference between a tuxedo and a silk kurta. Both are formal, but one feels more cultural. Persian words often deal with administration and emotion. Sanskrit words often deal with philosophy and nature. Knowing both allows you to switch 'modes' easily.