孤独
To be lonely
حرفيًا: Lone-solitary
Use `孤独` to express emotional loneliness or a deep sense of isolation in meaningful conversations.
في 15 ثانية
- Expresses a deep, emotional sense of being lonely.
- More poetic and heavy than just being alone.
- Commonly used in songs, movies, and deep conversations.
المعنى
It describes the feeling of being alone or isolated, often with a touch of sadness or deep reflection. It is that specific ache of having no one to talk to or share a moment with.
أمثلة رئيسية
3 من 6Moving to a new city alone
搬到这个城市后，我感到很孤独。
After moving to this city, I feel very lonely.
Describing a movie character
男主角是一个孤独的人。
The male lead is a lonely person.
A formal sociological discussion
现代城市人的孤独感正在增加。
The sense of loneliness among modern urbanites is increasing.
خلفية ثقافية
Traditionally, Chinese culture emphasizes collectivism, making 'loneliness' a heavy concept. Recently, the 'Single Economy' and 'Empty Nest Youth' (空巢青年) have made this phrase a central part of modern social identity and pop culture.
The 'Sense' of Loneliness
Add `感` (gǎn) to the end to make it `孤独感` (sense of loneliness). It sounds more sophisticated and is used often in writing.
Don't confuse with 'Alone'
If you just want to say you are alone (physically), use `一个人`. `孤独` is for the emotion, not the headcount.
في 15 ثانية
- Expresses a deep, emotional sense of being lonely.
- More poetic and heavy than just being alone.
- Commonly used in songs, movies, and deep conversations.
What It Means
孤独 (gūdú) is more than just being alone. It is a deep, internal state of loneliness. Think of it as the difference between being 'by yourself' and 'feeling lonely.' It captures that hollow feeling in your chest. It is a very common word in Mandopop songs. You use it when you feel disconnected from others.
How To Use It
You usually use it as an adjective. You can say 我很孤独 (I am lonely). You can also use it to describe a person or a lifestyle. It often follows adverbs like 很 (very) or 感到 (to feel). It sounds a bit more poetic than the English word 'lonely.' It is great for deep late-night chats with friends.
When To Use It
Use it when you move to a new city. Use it when you are the only one not invited to a party. It is perfect for describing a character in a movie. You can use it when talking about the 'empty nest' elderly. It is also common in literature and poetry. If you are eating hotpot alone, you might feel 孤独.
When NOT To Use It
Don't use it for a quick, fleeting moment. If you just went to the bathroom alone, don't say you are 孤独. It is too heavy for that. Avoid using it if you are enjoying your alone time. For that, use 独处 (spending time alone). 孤独 usually implies you wish you weren't alone. It is not for casual 'boredom' either.
Cultural Background
In China, family and community are everything. Being alone was historically seen as a misfortune. However, modern Chinese youth have reclaimed the word. There is even a 'Loneliness Index' (孤独指数) popular on social media. It ranks things like eating alone or going to surgery alone. It has become a badge of honor for the 'urban hermit.'
Common Variations
You might hear 孤单 (gūdān) which is very similar. 孤单 feels a bit more 'simple' and everyday. 孤独 feels more 'existential' and deep. If someone is a 'lone wolf,' you might call them a 孤独者. In slang, people sometimes use 扎心 (heart-piercing) to describe a lonely moment.
ملاحظات الاستخدام
The phrase is neutral but carries significant emotional weight. It is frequently used in creative writing and music to evoke empathy.
The 'Sense' of Loneliness
Add `感` (gǎn) to the end to make it `孤独感` (sense of loneliness). It sounds more sophisticated and is used often in writing.
Don't confuse with 'Alone'
If you just want to say you are alone (physically), use `一个人`. `孤独` is for the emotion, not the headcount.
The Hotpot Test
In China, the 'ultimate level' of `孤独` is going to Haidilao (hotpot) alone. The staff might even put a giant teddy bear opposite you so you look less lonely!
أمثلة
6搬到这个城市后，我感到很孤独。
After moving to this city, I feel very lonely.
Standard use of 'feel' (感到) with the phrase.
男主角是一个孤独的人。
The male lead is a lonely person.
Using it as an adjective to describe personality.
现代城市人的孤独感正在增加。
The sense of loneliness among modern urbanites is increasing.
Adding '感' (sense of) makes it a noun.
一个人吃火锅，太孤独了。
Eating hotpot by myself, so lonely.
A relatable, slightly dramatic modern scenario.
我的钱包也很孤独，里面什么都没有。
My wallet is also lonely; there's nothing inside.
Personifying an object for a joke.
有时候，孤独也是一种美。
Sometimes, loneliness is also a kind of beauty.
A philosophical take on the word.
اختبر نفسك
Choose the best word to describe feeling lonely after friends leave.
朋友们走后，屋子里变得很___。
`孤独` fits the context of a quiet, empty house after social interaction.
How do you say 'lonely person'?
他是一个___的人。
Both `孤独` and `孤单` can describe a lonely person, though `孤独` is deeper.
🎉 النتيجة: /2
وسائل تعلم بصرية
Formality of Loneliness
Used in songs or texts to complain about being alone.
太孤独了！
Standard way to describe the feeling.
我感到孤独。
Used in literature or psychological reports.
深刻的孤独感。
When you'll feel Gudu
Solo Travel
一个人旅行
New Job
没有朋友
Late Night
深夜想家
Eating Alone
一人食
الأسئلة الشائعة
10 أسئلة孤单 is more about the physical state of being alone and feeling sad about it. 孤独 is deeper, more existential, and can even be used positively by philosophers.
Not really. It usually describes a lasting mood or a character trait. For a temporary feeling, 寂寞 (jìmò) is often better.
Mostly yes, but in modern literature, it can represent a noble independence. Phrases like 享受孤独 mean 'to enjoy one's solitude.'
You can say 我好孤独啊 (Wǒ hǎo gūdú a). Adding the 啊 makes it sound more natural and expressive.
It is neutral. You can use it in a pop song, a diary, or a psychological research paper.
Yes, you can describe a 'lonely tree' (孤独的树) or a 'lonely house' to give them a poetic, isolated feel.
There isn't one perfect opposite, but 热闹 (rènao - bustling/lively) or 陪伴 (péibàn - companionship) are often used in contrast.
Not necessarily. You can be 孤独 even in a crowd if you feel no one understands you.
Only if you are discussing social issues or mental health. It is too personal for a standard business meeting.
Using it when you just mean 'quiet.' If a room is quiet, use 安静 (ānjìng), not 孤独.
عبارات ذات صلة
孤单
Lonely (simpler, more everyday)
寂寞
Lonesome/Bored (often implies seeking company)
独自
By oneself (adverb)
独处
To spend time alone (usually positive)
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