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The imitation of the operation of a real-world process or system over time. Often used in science and engineering to predict outcomes.

A thing or person that is the target of an action or thought. In computer science, it refers to a specific instance of a class; in philosophy, it is the object of perception.

An umbrella term that includes any communication device or application (ICT), encompassing radio, television, cell phones, computer and network hardware and software. A core topic in IELTS for technology and modern society.

The process of making things smarter or more intelligent through technology, especially AI or automation.

A computer-generated environment with scenes and objects that appear to be real, making the user feel they are immersed in their surroundings.

Electrical machines used in the home to perform household functions such as cooking, cleaning, or food preservation.

A global computer network providing a variety of information and communication facilities.

The most advanced or leading position in a field, especially in science or technology; state-of-the-art.

The set of tools, machines, or clothing needed for a particular activity or purpose.

Something that exists in the imagination or is simulated by a computer, rather than being physically real.