希望

Using 希望 is surprisingly simple. You usually put it right after the subject. For example, 我希望... (I hope...). You can follow it with a full sentence. Unlike some English verbs, you don't need complex grammar here. Just say what you want to happen. It can also be a noun. You can say 'You are my hope' or 'There is no hope.'

Use it when you are being sincere. It is perfect for birthdays, new jobs, or wishing someone well. It works great in text messages to friends. It is also professional enough for emails. If you want to sound like a supportive friend, this is your word. Use it when you genuinely want a good outcome for someone else.

Don't use 希望 for things that are definitely happening. If you already bought a ticket, don't say you 'hope' to go. Also, avoid using it for very demanding requests. It can sound a bit too soft if you are actually giving an order. Don't use it for things in the past. You can't 'hope' yesterday was sunny. For that, use different words for regret or wishing.

In Chinese culture, expressing hope is a way of showing 'face' and kindness. It is a very polite way to soften a suggestion. Instead of saying 'Do this,' saying 'I hope you can do this' sounds much more elegant. The character 望 also relates to the full moon. This connects hope to the idea of completeness and brightness in the dark.

In very casual speech, people might just use 想 (want) for simple hopes. In formal settings, you might hear 期望 (expect/hope). If you are feeling poetic, you might see 心愿 (heart's wish). But for 90% of your daily life, 希望 is the undisputed champion of positivity.