have time

You usually use it with the word to. For example: "I have time to eat." You can also use it with for. For example: "Do you have time for a coffee?" It works in the past, too. You can say "I had time yesterday." If you are busy, just add don't. "I don't have time to talk!" (Use this if you are running from a giant bee or just late for work).

Use it when you want to invite someone somewhere. Use it when you are checking if a boss is busy. It is perfect for texting friends. At a restaurant, you might ask if the waiter has time to explain the menu. It is great for being polite. Asking "Do you have time?" is much nicer than just starting to talk.

Don't use it to ask for the current clock time. If you want to know if it is 5:00 PM, ask "What time is it?" If you ask a stranger "Do you have time?", they might think you want to sit and chat for an hour! Also, don't use it if you are in a huge rush. It sounds a bit too relaxed for an emergency.

In English-speaking cultures, time is like money. We 'spend' it and 'save' it. Asking if someone has time is like asking if they can spend their 'wealth' on you. It is a sign of respect for their busy life. In places like New York or London, people always say they don't have time. It is almost a fashion statement to be busy!

You will often hear have a minute or have a second. These mean the same thing but sound much shorter. If someone says "Do you have a sec?", they usually want a quick favor. You can also say have some time to sound even more flexible and relaxed.