C1 Discourse Markers 4 min read

Discourse Marker: 'In addition' (Additive)

Use 'In addition' to connect and elevate related ideas in formal, professional, or academic contexts.

The Rule in 30 Seconds

  • Use 'In addition' to add a second related point formally.
  • Always place a comma immediately after 'In addition' at sentence start.
  • Use 'In addition to' followed by a noun or -ing verb.
  • Save it for professional emails, essays, and formal presentations.

Quick Reference

Marker Grammar Structure Register Common Context
In addition, Followed by a full sentence Formal Academic Essays
In addition to Followed by Noun / Gerund Formal Business Reports
Additionally, Followed by a full sentence Formal Professional Emails
Also, Followed by a full sentence Neutral/Informal Casual Speech
Moreover, Followed by a full sentence Very Formal Persuasive Writing
Furthermore, Followed by a full sentence Very Formal Legal Documents

Key Examples

3 of 8
1

The hotel offers a free breakfast. In addition, there is a 24-hour gym.

El hotel ofrece desayuno gratuito. Además, hay un gimnasio abierto las 24 horas.

2

In addition to his salary, he receives a generous yearly bonus.

Además de su salario, recibe un generoso bono anual.

3

In addition to working full-time, she is studying for a Master's degree.

Además de trabajar a tiempo completo, está estudiando una maestría.

🎯

The Variety Trick

If you use 'In addition' in one paragraph, use 'Additionally' or 'Moreover' in the next. It makes you look like a vocabulary wizard.

⚠️

The Comma Police

Forgetting the comma after 'In addition' is the fastest way to lose points in a C1 exam. It's a small mark with a big impact.

The Rule in 30 Seconds

  • Use 'In addition' to add a second related point formally.
  • Always place a comma immediately after 'In addition' at sentence start.
  • Use 'In addition to' followed by a noun or -ing verb.
  • Save it for professional emails, essays, and formal presentations.

Overview

Welcome to your new favorite writing tool.

In addition is a powerful additive discourse marker.

It helps you stack ideas clearly.

Think of it like building a Lego tower.

One block is your first point.

The next block is your second point.

In addition is the glue between them.

It tells your reader more info is coming.

It makes your writing flow smoothly.

You will sound more professional and organized.

It is a staple for C1 level English.

Yes, even native speakers mess this up sometimes.

But you are about to master it.

How This Grammar Works

This marker functions as a transition signal.

It connects two independent thoughts or sentences.

It indicates that the second point supports the first.

It adds extra information without changing the topic.

Think of it as a bridge between ideas.

It keeps the reader moving in one direction.

You are essentially saying, "Wait, there is more!"

It provides a logical link for the brain.

This prevents your writing from feeling like a list.

It creates a sophisticated, rhythmic flow in text.

Formation Pattern

  1. 1Using this marker is quite straightforward.
  2. 2Follow these simple steps for perfect usage:
  3. 3Write your first complete sentence or idea.
  4. 4End that sentence with a period.
  5. 5Start the next sentence with In addition.
  6. 6Place a comma immediately after the word addition.
  7. 7Write your second complete sentence or idea.
  8. 8Alternatively, you can use In addition to.
  9. 9This version requires a noun or a gerund.
  10. 10For example: In addition to the rain, it was cold.
  11. 11Notice how the structure changes with that small to.

When To Use It

Use this marker in formal or semi-formal settings.

It is perfect for academic essays and reports.

You should use it in professional business emails.

It works wonders during structured job interviews.

Use it when you have multiple strong points.

It helps when you are ordering complex items.

For example, when detailing project requirements to a client.

It shows you have a structured mind.

It is great for giving detailed directions or instructions.

Use it whenever you want to sound authoritative.

It adds weight to your secondary arguments.

When Not To Use It

Avoid using it in very casual conversations.

Do not use it in quick text messages.

It sounds a bit too stiff for a pub.

Imagine saying, "I want a beer. In addition, I want nuts."

Your friends might think you are a robot.

Keep it out of informal social media posts.

Do not use it if the points are unrelated.

It requires a thematic link between the two ideas.

If you change the topic, use a different marker.

Common Mistakes

The most frequent error is the missing comma.

Always put a comma after In addition at the start.

Another mistake is using it to start a conversation.

You cannot add something to nothing.

You must have a prior point already established.

Some people confuse it with In addition to.

Remember that In addition stands alone with a comma.

In addition to must be followed by an object.

Do not use it too many times in one page.

Overuse makes your writing feel repetitive and dry.

Think of it like a grammar traffic light.

Use it only when you need to control the flow.

Contrast With Similar Patterns

Moreover is slightly more persuasive than In addition.

Use Moreover when you are building a strong argument.

Furthermore sounds more logical or sequential.

It is often found in legal or scientific papers.

Also is the casual, friendly version of this rule.

Additionally is a direct synonym for In addition.

You can swap them to avoid repeating yourself.

Besides often implies that the second point is more important.

In addition keeps both points on the same level.

Quick FAQ

Q. Can I use it at the end of a sentence?

A. No, it almost always starts the sentence.

Q. Is it okay for spoken English?

A. Yes, but keep it for presentations or meetings.

Q. Does it mean the same as 'And'?

A. It is similar, but much more formal and structured.

Q. Can I use it with negative ideas?

A. Yes, it works for both positive and negative points.

Reference Table

Marker Grammar Structure Register Common Context
In addition, Followed by a full sentence Formal Academic Essays
In addition to Followed by Noun / Gerund Formal Business Reports
Additionally, Followed by a full sentence Formal Professional Emails
Also, Followed by a full sentence Neutral/Informal Casual Speech
Moreover, Followed by a full sentence Very Formal Persuasive Writing
Furthermore, Followed by a full sentence Very Formal Legal Documents
🎯

The Variety Trick

If you use 'In addition' in one paragraph, use 'Additionally' or 'Moreover' in the next. It makes you look like a vocabulary wizard.

⚠️

The Comma Police

Forgetting the comma after 'In addition' is the fastest way to lose points in a C1 exam. It's a small mark with a big impact.

💡

Think in Layers

Use 'In addition' like you're adding toppings to a pizza. Each point should be a fresh layer that makes the whole thing better.

💬

British vs American

Both cultures use this equally in formal writing. However, Americans might use 'Additionally' slightly more often in corporate settings.

例句

8
#1 Basic Usage

The hotel offers a free breakfast. In addition, there is a 24-hour gym.

Focus: In addition

El hotel ofrece desayuno gratuito. Además, hay un gimnasio abierto las 24 horas.

Standard placement at the start of the second sentence.

#2 Using 'In addition to'

In addition to his salary, he receives a generous yearly bonus.

Focus: In addition to

Además de su salario, recibe un generoso bono anual.

Here, it is followed by a noun phrase.

#3 Gerund Usage

In addition to working full-time, she is studying for a Master's degree.

Focus: working

Además de trabajar a tiempo completo, está estudiando una maestría.

Use the -ing form after 'In addition to'.

#4 Formal Business

The merger will expand our market share. In addition, it will reduce overhead costs.

Focus: In addition

La fusión ampliará nuestra cuota de mercado. Además, reducirá los costes fijos.

Perfect for corporate strategy discussions.

#5 Advanced Nuance

The candidate has extensive experience. In addition, her references are impeccable.

Focus: In addition

La candidata tiene una amplia experiencia. Además, sus referencias son impecables.

Adds a qualitative point to a factual one.

#6 Mistake Correction 1

✗ In addition I like the color. → ✓ In addition, I like the color.

Focus: comma

Además, me gusta el color.

Never forget that comma!

#7 Mistake Correction 2

✗ In addition to go home, I need to shop. → ✓ In addition to going home, I need to shop.

Focus: going

Además de ir a casa, necesito comprar.

Always use a gerund after 'to' in this specific phrase.

#8 Informal Comparison

I'm tired. Also, I'm hungry. (vs) I am exhausted. In addition, I require sustenance.

Focus: In addition

Estoy cansado. Además, tengo hambre.

Shows the difference in tone between 'Also' and 'In addition'.

Test Yourself

Choose the correct form to complete the formal email sentence.

The new software will improve efficiency. ___, it will enhance data security.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. 正确答案: In addition

We need a standalone marker followed by a comma to start a new sentence.

Select the correct phrase to follow the preposition.

In addition to ___ the report, please send the invoice.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. 正确答案: finishing

'In addition to' must be followed by a gerund (-ing form).

Identify the missing punctuation.

In addition ___ we must consider the environmental impact of the project.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. 正确答案: ,

A comma is mandatory after 'In addition' when it introduces a sentence.

🎉 Score: /3

Visual Learning Aids

In Addition vs. In Addition To

In addition,
+ Full Sentence In addition, it is cheap.
In addition to
+ Noun/Gerund In addition to being cheap...

Choosing Your Marker

1

Are you adding a new point?

YES ↓
NO
Use a different connector.
2

Is the situation formal?

YES ↓
NO
Use 'Also' or 'Plus'.
3

Starting a new sentence?

YES ↓
NO
Use 'In addition to' + Noun.
4

Use 'In addition,' with a comma.

Where to use 'In Addition'

💼

Work

  • Emails
  • Reports
  • Interviews
🎓

School

  • Essays
  • Theses
  • Presentations

Frequently Asked Questions

21 questions

It is a formal way of saying 'also' or 'and'. It signals that you are providing more information related to what you just said.

Not at all! It is actually perfect for cover letters. It helps you list your skills and experiences in a professional, structured way.

No, that would be redundant. You should choose either and or In addition, but never both together like and in addition.

The comma goes immediately after the word addition. For example: In addition, the results were positive.

It usually appears at the start. However, you can use it between two clauses with a semicolon, like: The car is fast; in addition, it is safe.

There is virtually no difference in meaning. They are interchangeable synonyms, though In addition is slightly more common in academic writing.

Yes, provided the paragraph continues a point from the previous one. It acts as a bridge between the two paragraphs.

Yes, if the phrase starts the sentence. Example: In addition to the cake, we bought ice cream.

It might sound a bit too serious. Use also or plus when texting your friends to avoid sounding overly formal.

Only if you use the In addition to form with a gerund. Example: In addition to running, he swims.

Absolutely. You can say: The service was slow. In addition, the food was cold.

Try not to use it more than twice. Use synonyms like Furthermore or Moreover to keep your writing interesting.

They are similar, but Besides often sounds like you are giving an extra, more convincing reason. In addition is more neutral.

No, that is incorrect. The only correct prepositional form is In addition to.

It is considered a C1 (Advanced) marker. Mastering its placement and punctuation shows a high level of grammatical control.

Usually, no. Conclusions use markers like In conclusion. In addition is for adding new points, not summarizing old ones.

It is common in formal speeches and presentations. You won't hear it much in casual daily chit-chat.

It is better to avoid this. Using both In addition and also in one sentence makes it sound repetitive.

People often rush their writing. Because we don't 'say' the comma when speaking, it's easy to overlook when typing.

Yes. Point one. In addition, point two. Finally, point three. It works well in a sequence.

The word Additionally is a one-word alternative. It functions exactly the same way.

有帮助吗?
还没有评论。成为第一个分享想法的人!

免费开始学习语言

免费开始学习