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Radiation is energy that travels through space as waves or very small particles. It comes from natural sources like the sun and from machines like X-rays in hospitals.

Energy is the power that comes from things like electricity, coal, or the sun to make machines work or provide heat. It also describes the physical and mental strength that people have to be active and do things.

A gas with no color, taste, or smell that is necessary for all human and animal life. It makes up about 21 percent of the Earth's atmosphere and is essential for the process of breathing.

A solution is a liquid mixture where a solid or gas is fully mixed into a liquid. It also means the correct answer to a problem or a difficult puzzle.

To suggest a possible explanation for something based on limited evidence, used as a starting point for further investigation.

Velocity describes how fast an object moves in a specific direction. It is a technical word for speed used often in science and math.

Momentum is the power that a moving object has to keep moving. It depends on how heavy the object is and how fast it is going. It is also used to describe a plan or project that is growing and becoming more successful.

Magnetism is a physical force that pulls certain metals toward each other or pushes them away. It is also used to describe a special charm that attracts people to a person.

Wavelength is the distance between two peaks of a light or sound wave. It is also used to describe when people have the same ideas and understand each other.

Optics is the branch of science that studies light and how it interacts with things like lenses and mirrors. In modern usage, it also refers to how an event or action is seen by the public.