分離

A chain or series of events where one thing triggers the next. It is used in both biological (food chain) and social (chain reaction of poverty) contexts.

Done or acting according to a fixed plan or system; methodical or organized.

The form, shape, or structure of something, or the specific way in which something exists or manifests itself.

The effect that two or more things have on each other, or the process of communication and reaction between people or systems.

The relationship between an event (the cause) and a second event (the effect), where the second event is understood as a physical consequence of the first.

Completing or enhancing each other; two different things that work well together because they provide what the other lacks.

The process of changing to suit different conditions or a new environment. It can be biological or psychological.

A point, line, or edge beyond which something cannot or may not proceed. Used in academic contexts to discuss the limitations of theories or resources.

A set of principles or procedures according to which something is done; an organized scheme or system.

The state or process of a species, family, or larger group being or becoming extinct. A high-frequency word in IELTS Academic reading passages about biodiversity.