C1 noun フォーマル

constitution

/ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃn/

A constitution is the system of fundamental principles and laws that govern a nation, state, or social group, determining the powers and duties of the government and guaranteeing certain rights to the people. It can also refer to the physical makeup, structure, or health of a person or object.

例文

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1

Despite the harsh winter, he remained healthy thanks to his robust constitution.

He stayed well during the cold season because he has a very strong physical build and health.

2

The Supreme Court is responsible for ensuring that all new legislation is in accordance with the national constitution.

The highest court checks that new laws follow the fundamental legal framework of the country.

3

I don't know how she stays out so late; I just don't have the constitution for it anymore.

I don't have the physical energy or stamina to stay awake that late.

語族

名詞
constitution
Verb
constitute
副詞
constitutionally
形容詞
constitutional
関連
constituency
💡

覚え方のコツ

Think of the verb 'constitute' (to make up). A constitution is what 'makes up' a country's laws or what 'makes up' a person's body.

クイックテスト

The president's actions were declared ______ by the supreme court, meaning they violated the nation's fundamental laws.

正解!

正解は: unconstitutional

例文

1

Despite the harsh winter, he remained healthy thanks to his robust constitution.

everyday

He stayed well during the cold season because he has a very strong physical build and health.

2

The Supreme Court is responsible for ensuring that all new legislation is in accordance with the national constitution.

formal

The highest court checks that new laws follow the fundamental legal framework of the country.

3

I don't know how she stays out so late; I just don't have the constitution for it anymore.

informal

I don't have the physical energy or stamina to stay awake that late.

4

The academic paper analyzes the shift from an unwritten to a written constitution in emerging democracies.

academic

The scholarly article examines how new democracies move toward a formal, documented legal framework.

5

The board of directors proposed several amendments to the company's constitution to improve transparency.

business

The leaders suggested changes to the organization's internal rules and governing principles.

語族

名詞
constitution
Verb
constitute
副詞
constitutionally
形容詞
constitutional
関連
constituency

よく使う組み合わせ

written constitution A formal document outlining the laws of a state.
robust constitution A strong and healthy physical makeup.
uphold the constitution To support and defend the fundamental laws.
unconstitutional act An action that goes against the established principles of government.
draft a constitution To write the initial version of a governing document.

よく使うフレーズ

iron constitution

Exceptional physical strength or the ability to resist illness.

constitutional right

A legal entitlement protected by the country's supreme law.

by virtue of its constitution

Because of the way something is inherently formed or structured.

よく混同される語

constitution vs institution

An institution is an established organization or society, while a constitution is the set of rules that governs it.

constitution vs constituent

A constituent is a component part or a voting member, whereas the constitution is the whole structure or set of laws.

📝

使い方のコツ

Use 'constitution' when referring to the most high-level legal framework of a country. In a medical or biological sense, use it to describe a person's inherent health or stamina.

⚠️

よくある間違い

Learners often limit the word to politics; remember that it can also describe physical health (e.g., 'a delicate constitution').

💡

覚え方のコツ

Think of the verb 'constitute' (to make up). A constitution is what 'makes up' a country's laws or what 'makes up' a person's body.

📖

語源

Derived from the Latin 'constitutio', meaning an arrangement, settlement, or established condition.

文法パターン

Countable when referring to specific legal documents (e.g., 'The constitutions of both nations'). Uncountable when referring to physical health or the general makeup of something.
🌍

文化的な背景

In the United States, 'The Constitution' (capitalized) refers specifically to the 1787 document which is viewed with significant historical and legal reverence.

クイックテスト

The president's actions were declared ______ by the supreme court, meaning they violated the nation's fundamental laws.

正解!

正解は: unconstitutional

関連単語

altercation

C1

A noisy, public, and heated argument or disagreement between people. It usually refers to a specific, short-lived incident that involves shouting or intense verbal conflict, though it can sometimes escalate into physical contact.

amalgamate

C1

To combine or unite two or more things, such as organizations, ideas, or substances, to form a single, integrated whole. It describes a process where the individual parts merge so thoroughly that they function as one unified entity.

ameliorate

C1

To make something bad, unsatisfactory, or unpleasant better. It is typically used when describing the improvement of a negative situation, social condition, or physical state.

amenable

C1

Describes someone who is open and responsive to suggestion or easily persuaded. It can also refer to a situation or object that is capable of being acted upon or influenced in a specific way.

annul

C1

To officially declare a legal agreement, decision, or marriage invalid and void, treating it as if it never existed. It is primarily used in legal and formal contexts to revoke the legitimacy of an act or contract.

anomaly

C1

An anomaly is something that deviates from what is standard, normal, or expected. It is frequently used in scientific, technical, or statistical contexts to describe a data point or occurrence that does not fit an established pattern.

antagonist

C1

To act in opposition to someone or something, or to provoke hostility and anger through specific actions or behavior. It involves intentionally or unintentionally creating an adversary or causing someone to become unfriendly.

anthology

C1

A published collection of poems, short stories, or other pieces of writing, often from different authors. It can also refer to a collection of musical works or films that share a common theme or style.

antipathy

C1

A deep-seated feeling of dislike, aversion, or hostility toward someone or something. It often describes an instinctive or long-standing emotional opposition rather than a temporary annoyance.

antithesis

C1

The antithesis is a person or thing that is the direct or polar opposite of someone or something else. It also refers to a rhetorical device where two contrasting ideas are placed together in a balanced grammatical structure to achieve a contrasting effect.

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