A1 Basic Sentence Structure 7分で読める

SVO Word Order (Subject-Verb-Object)

Follow the Subject-Verb-Object pattern to create clear, natural, and effective Spanish sentences for everyday communication.

The Rule in 30 Seconds

  • Subject comes first as the person doing the action.
  • Verb follows the subject to describe the specific activity.
  • Object ends the sentence as the receiver of the action.
  • Spanish is flexible but SVO is the clearest standard pattern.

Quick Reference

Subject (Who) Verb (Action) Object (What) English Translation
Yo como manzanas I eat apples
bebes agua You drink water
Juan estudia español Juan studies Spanish
Nosotros queremos café We want coffee
Ellos leen libros They read books
Ana compra pan Ana buys bread
Usted necesita ayuda You (formal) need help
Vosotros tenéis tiempo You all have time

主な例文

3 / 10
1

Yo estudio español.

I study Spanish.

2

María come una pizza.

Maria eats a pizza.

3

Nosotros tenemos hambre.

We are hungry.

💡

Drop the Subject

Native speakers often skip the 'Yo' or 'Tú' because the verb ending already shows who is talking. It makes you sound much more natural!

⚠️

The Personal 'A'

If your object is a specific person or a pet, you must put 'a' before them. Example: 'Veo a Juan' instead of 'Veo Juan'.

The Rule in 30 Seconds

  • Subject comes first as the person doing the action.
  • Verb follows the subject to describe the specific activity.
  • Object ends the sentence as the receiver of the action.
  • Spanish is flexible but SVO is the clearest standard pattern.

Overview

Building your first Spanish sentence is easy.

Think of it like a LEGO set.

You have three main bricks to use.

First, you need a person or thing.

We call this the Subject.

Next, you add an action brick.

We call this the Verb.

Finally, you add the last brick.

That is the Object of the sentence.

This pattern is known as SVO order.

It is the backbone of the language.

Spanish uses this for most basic talk.

It feels very natural to English speakers.

In fact, it is almost identical.

But Spanish has a few fun twists.

This guide makes those twists very simple.

You will be building sentences in minutes.

Ready to start your Spanish journey today?

Let's dive into the world of SVO.

How This Grammar Works

SVO stands for Subject, Verb, and Object.

It is a simple mental map for you.

The Subject is the star of the show.

It is the person doing the action.

Words like Yo or María go here.

The Verb is the engine of communication.

It tells us what is happening now.

Como, estudio, or bebo are great examples.

The Object is the target of action.

It completes the thought for the listener.

If you say "I eat," people ask "What?"

Adding "bread" or pan fixes that mystery.

Think of it as a straight line.

The energy flows from the start to finish.

S → V → O.

It is like a grammar traffic light.

Green means the Subject is starting out.

Yellow means the action is in progress.

Red means the Object stops the sentence.

Most A1 learners love this simple structure.

It gives you a safe home base.

You can express almost anything with SVO.

"I want coffee" is a perfect SVO sentence.

Yo quiero café sounds great to everyone.

Formation Pattern

  1. 1Building an SVO sentence takes four steps.
  2. 2Follow these steps to avoid any confusion.
  3. 3Pick your Subject from the list.
  4. 4Use Yo, , Él, or a name.
  5. 5Let's choose Juan for our example today.
  6. 6Choose an action that fits Juan.
  7. 7Remember to change the ending of the verb.
  8. 8This is called conjugation in Spanish class.
  9. 9Let's use the verb comer for eating.
  10. 10For Juan, we change it to come.
  11. 11Add the Object to the end.
  12. 12What is Juan eating in your mind?
  13. 13Maybe he is eating a delicious taco.
  14. 14Put all the pieces together now.
  15. 15Juan + come + un taco.
  16. 16There you go! You made a sentence.
  17. 17It is a solid, clear Spanish statement.
  18. 18Do not overthink the middle parts yet.
  19. 19Just focus on the 1-2-3 punch.
  20. 20Subject first, then action, then the thing.
  21. 21It is like a three-part dance step.
  22. 22Step, slide, and then you strike.
  23. 23Keep your sentences short at the start.
  24. 24Short sentences help you stay very accurate.
  25. 25Accuracy builds your confidence for bigger talks.

When To Use It

Use SVO when you want to be clear.

It is perfect for ordering your food.

Yo quiero una pizza works every time.

Use it when you introduce your friends.

Ana estudia medicina is a clear fact.

It is great for describing your daily life.

Nosotros bebemos agua is a simple truth.

SVO is the "default" setting for Spanish.

Think of it as your grammar factory setting.

When you are nervous, stick to SVO.

Native speakers use it in job interviews.

They use it when giving fast directions.

"The bus arrives at the corner."

El autobús llega a la esquina.

It feels modern and direct to everyone.

It avoids any fancy or confusing poetic styles.

You sound like a practical, smart speaker.

Even if you feel like a beginner.

SVO makes you sound like a pro.

Use it in emails and text messages.

It keeps your writing very easy to read.

Your friends will appreciate your clear style.

When Not To Use It

Spanish is famous for its flexibility too.

Sometimes, the Subject just disappears entirely.

Yes, Spanish is a bit lazy sometimes.

You can say Como pan instead of Yo como pan.

The verb ending already tells us it's "I".

Think of it as a hidden subject trick.

You should also skip SVO for questions.

Often, the verb comes first in questions.

¿Comes tú pan? sounds very natural here.

Another time is with those tiny pronouns.

Words like lo, la, or me are tricky.

They like to jump in front of verbs.

Yo lo como means "I eat it."

Notice the Object moved to the middle!

This is the SOV pattern for pronouns.

Do not worry about that too much yet.

Just know that SVO has some cool cousins.

Avoid SVO when you want to emphasize things.

Sometimes we put the Object first for drama.

But for now, keep the drama low.

Stick to the path you know for now.

Common Mistakes

Many learners try to translate word for word.

English is very strict about its word order.

Spanish is a bit more relaxed and chill.

One big mistake is overusing the word Yo.

Saying Yo in every sentence sounds a bit repetitive.

Imagine a friend saying "I" every five seconds.

It gets a little bit annoying, right?

Native speakers drop the subject very often.

Another mistake is mixing up the Object placement.

Learners often put adjectives in the wrong spot.

In SVO, the adjective stays with the Object.

Yo como una manzana roja is correct.

Yo como una roja manzana sounds very weird.

Think of it like a grammar fashion faux pas.

Do not let your adjectives wander away alone.

Also, do not forget the little word a.

If your Object is a person, use a.

Yo veo a María is the golden rule.

Yo veo María sounds like you are missing something.

It is like forgetting your shoes before leaving.

Always remember the "Personal A" for people.

Contrast With Similar Patterns

English is the closest cousin to Spanish SVO.

"The boy hits the ball" is SVO.

El niño golpea la pelota is SVO.

They are twins in this specific area.

However, compare it to languages like Japanese.

Japanese puts the verb at the very end.

They say "Boy ball hits" in their order.

That would be very confusing in Spanish!

Some languages are like a puzzle to solve.

Spanish SVO is more like a straight road.

You see where you are going immediately.

Contrast this with older, poetic Spanish styles.

Old books might put the verb first.

But you are not writing 17th-century poetry.

You are talking to people in the street.

Modern Spanish prefers the direct SVO approach.

It is the fastest way to get coffee.

It is the easiest way to make friends.

Think of English as a strict school teacher.

Think of Spanish as a friendly tour guide.

They both use SVO to keep you safe.

But Spanish lets you take off your tie.

Quick FAQ

Q. Is SVO the only way to speak?

A. No, but it is the most common.

Q. Can I put the object first?

A. Only if you use special pronoun rules.

Q. Do I always need the word Yo?

A. No, your verb tells the whole story.

Q. Is it okay to use SVO in questions?

A. Yes, but raise your voice at the end.

Q. Do names count as subjects?

A. Yes, names like Pedro are subjects.

Q. What if I have two objects?

A. Usually, the person comes before the thing.

Q. Is SVO too simple for adults?

A. Never! Clear speech is always very sophisticated.

Q. Does SVO work for past tense?

A. Yes, the order stays exactly the same.

Q. Why does the verb change its look?

A. It is just matching the subject's energy.

Q. Can I use SVO with the word "no"?

A. Yes, just put "no" before the verb.

Reference Table

Subject (Who) Verb (Action) Object (What) English Translation
Yo como manzanas I eat apples
bebes agua You drink water
Juan estudia español Juan studies Spanish
Nosotros queremos café We want coffee
Ellos leen libros They read books
Ana compra pan Ana buys bread
Usted necesita ayuda You (formal) need help
Vosotros tenéis tiempo You all have time
💡

Drop the Subject

Native speakers often skip the 'Yo' or 'Tú' because the verb ending already shows who is talking. It makes you sound much more natural!

⚠️

The Personal 'A'

If your object is a specific person or a pet, you must put 'a' before them. Example: 'Veo a Juan' instead of 'Veo Juan'.

🎯

Questions flip the script

When asking a question, try putting the verb before the subject. '¿Come Juan?' sounds better than '¿Juan come?' in many regions.

💬

Simplicity is Key

In many Spanish-speaking countries, being direct with SVO is seen as polite and clear, especially when you are learning. Don't feel you need to be fancy.

例文

10
#1 Yo estudio español.

Yo estudio español.

Focus: estudio

I study Spanish.

Standard SVO order for a basic statement.

#2 María come una pizza.

María come una pizza.

Focus: María

Maria eats a pizza.

The subject is a proper noun.

#3 Nosotros tenemos hambre.

Nosotros tenemos hambre.

Focus: hambre

We are hungry.

Literally 'We have hunger' using SVO.

#4 El perro busca la pelota.

El perro busca la pelota.

Focus: busca

The dog looks for the ball.

The subject can be an animal or object.

#5 Usted escribe una carta.

Usted escribe una carta.

Focus: Usted

You (formal) write a letter.

Formal address following SVO rules.

#6 ✗ Pan yo como. → ✓ Yo como pan.

Yo como pan.

Focus: Yo como pan

I eat bread.

Don't put the object before the subject in A1.

#7 ✗ Tú quieres café? → ✓ ¿Quieres tú café?

¿Quieres tú café?

Focus: ¿Quieres tú café?

Do you want coffee?

Questions often flip the order or drop the subject.

#8 Mis amigos hablan mucho español.

Mis amigos hablan mucho español.

Focus: mucho

My friends speak a lot of Spanish.

Adverbs like 'mucho' fit within the SVO structure.

#9 Yo veo a mi madre.

Yo veo a mi madre.

Focus: a mi madre

I see my mother.

Notice the 'Personal A' before the human object.

#10 Ellos no compran el coche.

Ellos no compran el coche.

Focus: no compran

They do not buy the car.

Negative sentences put 'no' before the verb.

自分をテスト

Complete the sentence following SVO order.

Yo ___ una manzana.

✓ 正解! ✗ おしい! 正解: como

The subject 'Yo' requires the verb ending '-o' in the SVO pattern.

Pick the correct word order for 'Maria drinks water'.

___ ___ ___.

✓ 正解! ✗ おしい! 正解: Maria bebe agua

Subject (Maria) + Verb (bebe) + Object (agua) is the standard order.

Find the missing object in this SVO sentence.

Nosotros leemos ___.

✓ 正解! ✗ おしい! 正解: un libro

'Un libro' is the object that completes the SVO structure.

🎉 スコア: /3

ビジュアル学習ツール

English vs Spanish Word Order

English (Fixed)
I eat bread Subject-Verb-Object
Spanish (Standard)
Yo como pan Subject-Verb-Object
Spanish (Flexible)
Como pan Verb-Object (Subject dropped)

How to Build Your Sentence

1

Do you have a person (Subject)?

YES ↓
NO
Pick a name or pronoun like 'Yo'.
2

Do you have an action (Verb)?

YES ↓
NO
Choose a verb like 'comer' or 'vivir'.
3

Do you have a target (Object)?

YES ↓
NO
Add the thing being acted upon.

SVO Vocabulary Bank

👤

Subjects

  • Yo
  • María
  • Pedro

Verbs

  • quiero
  • tienes
  • habla
  • comen
🍎

Objects

  • café
  • la llave
  • español
  • tacos

よくある質問

22 問

It stands for Subject, Verb, and Object. It describes the sequence of words in a standard sentence like Yo como pan.

Yes, Spanish is much more flexible than English. However, SVO is the most common and safest way for beginners to speak.

No, some verbs don't need one. You can simply say Yo duermo which means 'I sleep'.

You can use it if you change your intonation. But often the verb moves to the front in questions like ¿Quieres tú café?.

Usually, nothing bad happens! The verb ending like in Hablo already tells people that 'I' am the one speaking.

The word no always goes right before the verb. For example, Yo no quiero agua follows this rule perfectly.

Yes, you can say Juan y María comen. The verb just changes to the plural form to match them.

No, they just sit next to the noun they describe. Usually, they go after the noun, like el gato negro.

Yes, Yo soy estudiante follows the SVO pattern. Here, 'estudiante' is the complement acting like an object.

Yes, it is the universal standard for basic sentences across Spain and Latin America. You will be understood everywhere.

That is the exception! Pronouns like lo go before the verb, so it becomes Yo lo como (S-Pronoun-V).

In Spanish, the verb must 'agree' with the subject. If the subject is Yo, the verb usually ends in -o.

You can, but it requires adding more pronouns later. Stick to SVO until you are at an intermediate level.

Yes, El sol brilla is a complete and beautiful SVO sentence where the object is simply not needed.

Careful! Me gusta actually uses a different logic where the object often comes first. It is a tricky exception for A1.

No, the order remains the same. Only the verb ending changes to show that the action happened before.

Absolutely. Carlos, Marta, and España can all be subjects at the start of your sentences.

Usually, you put the person receiving the thing first. Yo doy el libro a Juan is a common way to handle it.

Yes, it is highly valued for its clarity and professionalism in business and academic Spanish.

Not at all. While they might drop the subject, the Verb-Object part is how they think and speak every day.

Look around your room and name an action. Yo veo la mesa. Yo abro la puerta. Keep it simple!

Almost exactly! This makes Spanish one of the easiest languages for English speakers to start learning.

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