변동성

To accompany or go along with something, often used when one phenomenon causes or occurs simultaneously with another. In academic contexts, it refers to consequences or parallel trends.

The distribution of something (especially wealth or land) in a different way, typically to achieve greater equality within a society.

The gap or inequality between the rich and the poor, typically referring to the uneven distribution of wealth and income in a society.

To calculate or estimate a numerical value, such as a price, amount, or rate, based on certain criteria.

A measure or incentive designed to encourage someone to do something or to attract people to a specific place or activity.

The ease with which assets can be converted into cash, or the quality of being fluid and changeable. In a broader sense, it refers to a lack of fixed structure or stability.

To slow down or become less active. It is often used to describe economic growth, speed, or the rate of progress decreasing.

To exceed or surpass a certain level, amount, or ability. It is often used to compare achievements or statistics in academic contexts.

The transfer of ownership, property, or business from the government to the private sector. It is often done to increase efficiency and competition.

The state of being rare or in short supply. It is a fundamental concept in economics where human wants exceed limited resources.