先...再

The structure is incredibly simple to master. You place 先 (xiān) before your first verb. Then you place 再 (zài) before your second verb. For example: 先吃饭，再看电影 (First eat, then watch a movie). You don't always need a subject in both parts. If the subject is the same, just say it once at the start. It's like building with LEGO blocks. Just snap the actions into the slots.

Use this when you are making plans with friends. It is perfect for giving instructions to someone. Use it at a restaurant when ordering courses. It works great when you are setting boundaries at work. If someone asks you for a favor, use it to delay them politely. "Let me finish this email first, then I will help." It sounds organized and professional. It also helps in emergencies to stay calm.

Do not use this for things happening at the same time. If you are eating while watching TV, this is the wrong phrase. Avoid using it for long-term life goals that aren't connected. For example, "First I go to college, then I buy a house" sounds a bit robotic. It is best for immediate, sequential actions. Also, don't over-rely on it in very poetic writing. It is a functional, everyday tool.

Chinese culture often emphasizes process and proper order. Doing things in the "right" sequence shows respect and logic. This phrase reflects a mindset of prioritization. In family settings, elders often use this to teach children patience. "First do homework, then play." It is deeply ingrained in the concept of 'li' (propriety). It's about doing what is necessary before what is desired. Even in modern business, it shows you are a logical thinker.

Sometimes people add 然后 (ránhòu) after 再 for extra emphasis. You might hear 先...然后再.... In very casual speech, people might just say 先... and leave the second part implied. For example, 先吃饭吧 (Let's eat first [and talk later]). Another variation is 先...再说 (xiān... zàishuō). This means "Let's do X first, and we'll deal with the rest later." It's the classic way to procrastinate a difficult conversation!