Confounding factors were

You will usually find this phrase at the start of a list. It acts like a header for your variables. Use it to introduce the things you had to account for in your analysis. For example, Confounding factors were age, income, and location. It is a very structured way to present data. You are essentially saying, 'I thought about the messy parts of this study.' It makes you look like a very thorough researcher. Just make sure you follow the phrase with specific nouns or categories.

This is a heavy-hitter for academic writing and professional reports. Use it when you are presenting a thesis or a business case. It is perfect for a meeting where someone asks, 'But did you consider the weather?' You can respond with, Yes, confounding factors were weather and seasonal trends. It is also great for serious health or science discussions. If you are writing a formal blog post about a complex topic, this phrase adds instant authority. It shows you value accuracy over simple answers.

Do not use this while grabbing a casual burger with friends. If you say, Confounding factors were the traffic and my mood, you will sound like a robot. It is way too stiff for small talk or dating. Avoid it in emotional heart-to-hearts where simple language is better. Also, do not use it if there is only one simple reason for something. It is meant for complex systems with multiple moving parts. Using it for a simple mistake makes you look like you are trying too hard.

This phrase comes straight from the world of statistics and the scientific method. In Western academia, 'isolating variables' is the gold standard for truth. We are obsessed with finding the exact cause of things. This phrase became popular as data science moved into the mainstream. It reflects a culture that prizes nuance and critical thinking. It is a sign that you are part of the 'evidence-based' crowd. It is a very 'intellectual' way to speak.

You might also hear Potential confounding factors included or We adjusted for confounding factors. Sometimes people just say The confounders were to be brief. In a less formal business setting, you might hear Other variables involved were. However, Confounding factors were remains the most classic and respected version. It is the 'little black dress' of research terminology. It never goes out of style in a lab or a boardroom.