abrasion
A surface injury caused by skin being rubbed or scraped against a rough surface, or the process of wearing away a material through friction. It typically refers to superficial damage rather than deep wounds or complete destruction.
例句
3 / 5He fell off his bike and suffered a minor abrasion on his right knee.
He fell off his bike and suffered a minor scrape on his right knee.
The medical report described several superficial abrasions on the patient's torso.
The medical report described several superficial scrapes on the patient's torso.
It's just a little abrasion from the carpet; it won't even need a bandage.
It's just a little scrape from the carpet; it won't even need a bandage.
词族
记忆技巧
Think of an 'eraser' (which sounds like the 'ras' in abrasion) rubbing against paper to wear it away.
快速测验
The geologist noted that the smooth surface of the rock was caused by years of river ____.
正确!
正确答案是: abrasion
例句
He fell off his bike and suffered a minor abrasion on his right knee.
everydayHe fell off his bike and suffered a minor scrape on his right knee.
The medical report described several superficial abrasions on the patient's torso.
formalThe medical report described several superficial scrapes on the patient's torso.
It's just a little abrasion from the carpet; it won't even need a bandage.
informalIt's just a little scrape from the carpet; it won't even need a bandage.
Glacial abrasion occurs when rocks embedded in ice grind against the bedrock below.
academicGlacial wearing occurs when rocks embedded in ice grind against the bedrock below.
Our new coating is designed to protect the equipment against mechanical abrasion.
businessOur new coating is designed to protect the equipment against mechanical wear and tear.
词族
常见搭配
常用短语
resistance to abrasion
durability against surface wear
signs of abrasion
visible evidence of scraping or wearing
wind-blown abrasion
erosion caused by sand or particles carried by wind
容易混淆的词
An abrasion is a surface-level scrape, whereas a laceration is a deep cut or jagged tear in the skin.
An abrasion involves skin being rubbed off, while a contusion is a bruise where the skin remains intact.
使用说明
The term is used both in medical contexts for scrapes and in industrial or geological contexts for the wearing down of surfaces. It is considered more technical and formal than 'scrape' or 'scratch'.
常见错误
Learners often use 'abrasion' to describe any kind of cut, but it specifically refers to injuries where the skin is rubbed off, not sliced.
记忆技巧
Think of an 'eraser' (which sounds like the 'ras' in abrasion) rubbing against paper to wear it away.
词源
From the Latin 'abrasio', meaning 'a scraping off', derived from 'ab' (away) and 'radere' (to scrape).
语法模式
快速测验
The geologist noted that the smooth surface of the rock was caused by years of river ____.
正确!
正确答案是: abrasion
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