B2 adjective 中性

abrasion

/əˈbreɪ.ʒən/

A surface injury caused by skin being rubbed or scraped against a rough surface, or the process of wearing away a material through friction. It typically refers to superficial damage rather than deep wounds or complete destruction.

例句

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1

He fell off his bike and suffered a minor abrasion on his right knee.

He fell off his bike and suffered a minor scrape on his right knee.

2

The medical report described several superficial abrasions on the patient's torso.

The medical report described several superficial scrapes on the patient's torso.

3

It's just a little abrasion from the carpet; it won't even need a bandage.

It's just a little scrape from the carpet; it won't even need a bandage.

词族

名词
abrasion
Verb
abrade
副词
abrasively
形容词
abrasive
相关
abrasiveness
💡

记忆技巧

Think of an 'eraser' (which sounds like the 'ras' in abrasion) rubbing against paper to wear it away.

快速测验

The geologist noted that the smooth surface of the rock was caused by years of river ____.

正确!

正确答案是: abrasion

例句

1

He fell off his bike and suffered a minor abrasion on his right knee.

everyday

He fell off his bike and suffered a minor scrape on his right knee.

2

The medical report described several superficial abrasions on the patient's torso.

formal

The medical report described several superficial scrapes on the patient's torso.

3

It's just a little abrasion from the carpet; it won't even need a bandage.

informal

It's just a little scrape from the carpet; it won't even need a bandage.

4

Glacial abrasion occurs when rocks embedded in ice grind against the bedrock below.

academic

Glacial wearing occurs when rocks embedded in ice grind against the bedrock below.

5

Our new coating is designed to protect the equipment against mechanical abrasion.

business

Our new coating is designed to protect the equipment against mechanical wear and tear.

词族

名词
abrasion
Verb
abrade
副词
abrasively
形容词
abrasive
相关
abrasiveness

常见搭配

minor abrasion a small scrape
corneal abrasion a scratch on the surface of the eye
abrasion resistance the ability to withstand wear and tear
surface abrasion wear on the outermost layer
skin abrasion a scrape on the skin

常用短语

resistance to abrasion

durability against surface wear

signs of abrasion

visible evidence of scraping or wearing

wind-blown abrasion

erosion caused by sand or particles carried by wind

容易混淆的词

abrasion vs laceration

An abrasion is a surface-level scrape, whereas a laceration is a deep cut or jagged tear in the skin.

abrasion vs contusion

An abrasion involves skin being rubbed off, while a contusion is a bruise where the skin remains intact.

📝

使用说明

The term is used both in medical contexts for scrapes and in industrial or geological contexts for the wearing down of surfaces. It is considered more technical and formal than 'scrape' or 'scratch'.

⚠️

常见错误

Learners often use 'abrasion' to describe any kind of cut, but it specifically refers to injuries where the skin is rubbed off, not sliced.

💡

记忆技巧

Think of an 'eraser' (which sounds like the 'ras' in abrasion) rubbing against paper to wear it away.

📖

词源

From the Latin 'abrasio', meaning 'a scraping off', derived from 'ab' (away) and 'radere' (to scrape).

语法模式

Countable noun Commonly used with the preposition 'to' (abrasions to the face) or 'of' (abrasion of the skin)

快速测验

The geologist noted that the smooth surface of the rock was caused by years of river ____.

正确!

正确答案是: abrasion

相关词

chronic

B2

Describes a condition, habit, or situation that persists for a long time or recurs frequently. It is most commonly used in medical contexts for long-term illnesses or to describe deep-seated social and economic problems.

accountant

B2

An accountant is a professional responsible for maintaining, inspecting, and analyzing financial records. They ensure that individuals and businesses comply with tax laws and manage their budgets and financial reporting accurately.

immense

B2

Describes something that is extremely large or vast in size, scale, or degree. It is often used to emphasize the extraordinary magnitude of both physical objects and abstract concepts like pressure, wealth, or talent.

brother

B2

Used as an adjective to describe a person, organization, or entity that shares the same profession, status, or origin as another. It denotes a close relationship or membership within the same group or category.

ethnic

B2

As a noun, an ethnic refers to a member of a specific ethnic group, typically a minority group that retains distinct cultural, religious, or linguistic traditions. In modern usage, it is often used to describe individuals who belong to a population that shares a common national or cultural heritage.

identity

C1

Identity refers to the distinguishing character or personality of an individual, encompassing the qualities, beliefs, and expressions that make a person or group unique. In a broader sense, it describes the state of remaining the same under different conditions or the condition of being exactly like something else.

digestive

B2

Relating to the process of breaking down food into substances that can be used by the body. It specifically describes organs, enzymes, or biological systems involved in nutrition and metabolism.

indicate

C1

To point something out or serve as a sign or symptom of a particular state or condition. In academic contexts, it is frequently used to show that data or evidence suggests a specific conclusion or fact.

theory

C1

A formal set of ideas or principles intended to explain a specific phenomenon or a group of facts. In scientific contexts, it represents a well-substantiated explanation supported by evidence, while in general usage, it often refers to a plausible but unproven conjecture.

you

A1

Used to refer to the person or people that the speaker is addressing. It is the second-person pronoun used for both singular and plural subjects and objects.

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