مؤثر

A hurdle or obstacle that prevents progress or makes it difficult. Often used in TOEFL to describe challenges in scientific research or historical progress.

A general direction in which something is developing or changing; an inclination or trend.

A remark expressing an opinion or reaction, or the act of suspending something. In TOEFL, it can refer to a professor's commentary or the suspension of a policy.

Very unusual, special, or out of the ordinary; exceeding common standards.

To take place, occur, or come about. It is used to describe an event or a change happening in time.

Clearly defined or identified. It refers to something specific, fixed, or precise rather than general.

The course of someone's life or career. It can also refer to a long walk, march, or procession.

The latest developments, news, or updates in a particular field, situation, or story.

The action of repairing or renovating a building, work of art, or historical site to return it to its original condition.

A thing done successfully, typically by effort, courage, or skill. It can refer to a personal achievement or a scientific breakthrough.