鉴于...
In view of...
Literalmente: Reflect/Examine (鉴) In/At (于)
Use `鉴于` when you need to justify a formal decision based on specific, observable facts.
Em 15 segundos
- Used to provide a factual justification for a decision or result.
- Place it at the start of the sentence followed by the reason.
- Best for professional, academic, or serious logistical contexts.
Significado
Think of this as a way to say 'given the circumstances' or 'considering the facts'. It is the bridge you use to connect a specific reason to a logical decision or outcome.
Exemplos-chave
3 de 6A company announcing a holiday
鉴于国庆节即将来临，公司决定放假三天。
In view of the upcoming National Day, the company has decided to take a three-day break.
Canceling a trip due to weather
鉴于天气恶劣，我们的航班取消了。
In view of the bad weather, our flight was canceled.
A teacher explaining a grading decision
鉴于你表现优异，这次考试你得了满分。
In view of your excellent performance, you received a perfect score on this exam.
Contexto cultural
The term originates from the concept of using history as a mirror to guide the present. It reflects the Chinese cultural value of making decisions based on empirical evidence and past precedents rather than just impulse. It is a staple of 'officialese' in modern Chinese administration.
The 'Comma' Rule
Always put a comma after the clause introduced by `鉴于`. It helps the reader pause and prepare for the decision you're about to announce.
Don't Overuse It
If you use `鉴于` to explain why you're eating a sandwich, people will think you're acting like a robot or a lawyer. Stick to `因为` for small stuff.
Em 15 segundos
- Used to provide a factual justification for a decision or result.
- Place it at the start of the sentence followed by the reason.
- Best for professional, academic, or serious logistical contexts.
What It Means
鉴于 is your go-to phrase for justifying a decision. It literally means 'in view of' or 'considering'. It points to a specific fact that makes your next action necessary. Imagine you are looking at a messy room. You say, 'Given the mess, I should clean.' That 'given' is exactly what 鉴于 does in Chinese.
How To Use It
Place 鉴于 at the very beginning of your sentence. Follow it with a noun or a short clause. Then, add a comma before stating the result. For example: 鉴于 + [The Situation] + , + [The Result]. It works like a logical 'since' but feels much more grounded and evidence-based. It is like presenting a piece of evidence in court before making your final point.
When To Use It
You will hear this a lot in news reports or office meetings. It is perfect for professional emails when you need to cancel a plan. Use it when you want to sound objective and fair. If you are explaining why a price changed, use 鉴于. If you are deciding to stay home because of a storm, use 鉴于. It makes you sound like someone who thinks before they act.
When NOT To Use It
Avoid using this during a casual beer with friends. It is too stiff for 'Since I'm hungry, let's eat.' In that case, just use 因为. Also, do not use it for purely emotional reasons. You would not say 'In view of my love for you, marry me.' That sounds like a legal contract! Keep it for situations involving facts, safety, or logistics.
Cultural Background
The character 鉴 (jiàn) originally referred to a bronze mirror. In ancient times, people looked into these mirrors to reflect on themselves. Later, it came to mean 'to examine' or 'to learn a lesson from'. When you use 鉴于, you are essentially saying, 'I have looked into the mirror of these facts and seen the truth.' It carries a weight of historical wisdom and careful observation.
Common Variations
You might see 考虑到 (kǎolǜ dào) which is a bit softer, like 'taking into account'. There is also 由于 (yóuyú) which is a standard 'due to'. However, 鉴于 remains the king of formal justification. If you want to sound even more official, you can use 有鉴于此 (yǒu jiàn yú cǐ) at the start of a sentence to mean 'In view of this...'.
Notas de uso
This phrase is firmly in the formal register. It is most frequently found in written documents, news, and professional speech. Avoid it in intimate or very casual settings unless you are intentionally being mock-formal.
The 'Comma' Rule
Always put a comma after the clause introduced by `鉴于`. It helps the reader pause and prepare for the decision you're about to announce.
Don't Overuse It
If you use `鉴于` to explain why you're eating a sandwich, people will think you're acting like a robot or a lawyer. Stick to `因为` for small stuff.
The Mirror Secret
The character `鉴` is the same one used in the title of the famous historical text 'Zizhi Tongjian'. Using this word subtly hints that you are a person of depth and reason.
Exemplos
6鉴于国庆节即将来临，公司决定放假三天。
In view of the upcoming National Day, the company has decided to take a three-day break.
Standard professional usage for announcements.
鉴于天气恶劣，我们的航班取消了。
In view of the bad weather, our flight was canceled.
Used here to show an objective reason for a change in plans.
鉴于你表现优异，这次考试你得了满分。
In view of your excellent performance, you received a perfect score on this exam.
Provides a logical basis for a reward.
鉴于你迟到了半小时，你得请我喝咖啡！
Given that you are half an hour late, you have to buy me a coffee!
Using a formal word in a casual setting for a humorous, 'mock-serious' effect.
鉴于他的健康状况，他必须戒烟。
In view of his health condition, he must quit smoking.
Used for serious, high-stakes advice.
鉴于成本上涨，我们不得不调整价格。
In view of rising costs, we have no choice but to adjust our prices.
Classic business justification to avoid sounding greedy.
Teste-se
Choose the best word to complete the formal announcement.
___ 目前的经济形势，我们需要缩减开支。
The sentence provides a reason (economic situation) for a decision (cutting costs), making '鉴于' the perfect fit.
Which phrase makes this sentence sound most like a formal report?
___ 双方的合作意向，我们签署了协议。
While '因为' and '由于' are grammatically correct, '鉴于' provides the professional weight expected in a business agreement context.
🎉 Pontuação: /2
Recursos visuais
Formality Scale of 'Because' Phrases
Used with friends/family
因为 (yīnwèi)
Standard writing/speaking
由于 (yóuyú)
Official reports/news
鉴于 (jiànyú)
Legal/Diplomatic texts
有鉴于 (yǒu jiàn yú)
When to reach for '鉴于'
Weather Warnings
鉴于台风...
Business Decisions
鉴于市场变化...
Policy Changes
鉴于新规定...
Safety Concerns
鉴于安全隐患...
Perguntas frequentes
10 perguntasUsually, yes. It sets the stage for the rest of the sentence, like in 鉴于天气原因... (In view of weather reasons...).
Only if you're being funny or if it's a very serious work-related text. Otherwise, it's a bit too stiff.
因为 is a simple 'because'. 鉴于 is 'considering the evidence'. Use 鉴于 when you want to sound more objective.
Yes, but mostly in speeches, news broadcasts, or formal meetings. You won't hear it much in casual gossip.
No! That's redundant. Use one or the other. 鉴于 already implies the reason.
Not really, but 由于 (yóuyú) is a slightly less formal alternative that serves a similar purpose.
Absolutely. 鉴于你的努力 (In view of your hard work) is a great way to start a compliment before giving a promotion.
No, it is usually followed by a noun or a noun phrase, like 鉴于目前的情况 (In view of the current situation).
It means 'In view of this' or 'Based on the aforementioned'. It's a great transition phrase for formal essays.
Yes, it's a classic B2/C1 level word. Knowing how to use it correctly scores high points for 'formal register'.
Frases relacionadas
由于 (Due to)
考虑到 (Considering)
依据 (Based on)
出于 (Out of/Driven by)
因...而... (Because of... therefore...)
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