Conditional and Relative Uses

In spoken Arabic? Nothing, people will understand you perfectly. In written exams or formal speech? You'll lose marks. It sounds like saying 'He don't' instead of 'He doesn't' in English—understandable, but grammatically gritty.

No! Min (with a kasra under the M) means 'from'. Man (with a fatha over the M) means 'who/whoever'. Mixing them up leads to sentences like 'From ate the apple?' instead of 'Who ate the apple?'.

Ma is the general 'what/whatever'. Mahma has a stronger emphasis on 'no matter what' or 'regardless of what'. Mahma is purely conditional, whereas Ma has other jobs (like negation or relative pronouns).

That's the mark of the Jussive mood (Majzum). If a verb ends in a weak vowel (long aa, uu, ii), the conditional chop cuts it off. Yansa (he forgets) becomes Yans. It's efficient!

Yes, but the grammar changes. If you ask Man yadrusu? (Who is studying?), the verb stays normal. If you say Man yadrus yanjah (Whoever studies succeeds), the verb gets chopped. Context tells you if it's a question or a condition.

Then you need the fa bridge! Man yasil, fa-hal huwa ja'i'? (Whoever arrives, is he hungry?). You can't jump straight from a condition to a question without fa.

It's actually ayna (where) + ma (the magic particle). Together they fuse into 'Wherever'. Same with Kayfama (How + ma = However).

Technically, yes, but then the particle man moves to the middle and acts more like a relative pronoun. Yanjah man yadrus (He succeeds, whoever studies). The Jussive effect often disappears or weakens here.

Ayyu means 'Which/Whichever'. Unlike the others, it changes its ending case (vowel) and is always followed by a noun. Ayyu kitabin (Whichever book...).

You need two *parts*. They are usually verbs, but the second part (the result) can be a nominal sentence (noun-based) as long as you use fa. Man yadrus, fa-huwa dhaki (Whoever studies, [then] he is smart).

The strict Jussive grammar is very Formal (MSA). In dialects (Levantine, Egyptian), we use the words (min, illi, mahma) but we don't chop the verbs. We just say Mahma taqul not Mahma taqul.

The structure itself. The fact that two events are glued together by Man creates the dependency. You don't need a separate word for 'if'.

Rarely. Alladhi is usually specific. If you say Alladhi yadrusu yanjahu, it means 'The [specific] one who studies succeeds.' It's a statement of fact, not necessarily a condition, but the meaning is very close.

Fa acts like a punctuation mark or a logic gate. It says 'Okay, condition over; here comes the consequence.' It creates a necessary pause before a complex result.

In a question (Mata tasil?), it's 'When'. In a conditional sentence (Mata tasil, nall'ab), it's 'Whenever'. Context is king.

Use Lam (did not) or La (do not) before the verb. Man la yadrus... (Whoever does not study...). The verb after Lam is already Jussive, so everyone is happy.

If you use sa- or sawfa in the result, you MUST use fa. Man yadrus fa-sa-yanjah (Whoever studies will succeed). You cannot say Man yadrus sayanjah directly.

Extensively! The Quran is full of Man ya'mal... (Whoever does...) structures. It's a great source for seeing the Jussive mood in action.

It's a fancy sister of Aynama (Wherever). It's slightly more literary but means the exact same thing.

Grammatically, Man is treated as masculine singular by default (Man yadrus, not tadrus), but it applies to everyone, male or female. It's the 'neutral' default.