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Describing Habits and Ongoing Change

本章节第 4 条规则，共 5 条
B2 tense_aspect 3分钟阅读

Expressing Gradual Change

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Combine the 'ta' form of a verb with the continuous form of 'jana' to show progressive change.

The Rule in 30 Seconds

  • Expresses gradual change or progression.
  • Use Verb-ta + ja + raha + hai.
  • Matches subject gender and number.
  • Implies 'getting more and more'.

Quick Reference

Subject Main Verb (Root+ta/te/ti) Progressive Aux (ja+raha/e/i) Meaning
Mausam (The weather) garam hotā jā rahā hai It is getting hot(ter).
Log (People) būḍhe hote jā rahe hain People are getting old(er).
Main (I - Fem.) sīkhtī jā rahī hūn I am going on learning.
Voh (She) patlī hotī jā rahī thī She was getting thin(ner).
Karz (Debt) badhtā jā rahā hai Debt is keeping on increasing.
Tum (You - Masc.) kyun rote jā rahe ho? Why do you go on crying?

关键例句

3 / 8
1

Din-ba-din mehangāī badhtī jā rahī hai.

Inflation is increasing day by day.

2

Tum din par din sundar hotī jā rahī ho.

You are getting more beautiful day by day.

3

Bhīḍ pāgal hotī jā rahī thī.

The crowd was going crazy (becoming crazier).

💡

The Rolling Stone

Visualize the action as a rolling stone. It doesn't just 'be' (hona), it 'goes' (jana) down the hill, gathering speed. That's why we use 'jana'!

⚠️

Don't Double Up

Never say 'hota jaata hai' for 'is becoming'. Mixing simple present (jaata) with this structure implies a general truth, not a current progression.

The Rule in 30 Seconds

  • Expresses gradual change or progression.
  • Use Verb-ta + ja + raha + hai.
  • Matches subject gender and number.
  • Implies 'getting more and more'.

Overview

Ever feel like things are piling up? Like the days are getting shorter, your coffee addiction is getting stronger, or—hopefully—your Hindi is getting better? That's what we're talking about today. It's not just about something happening; it's about something *progressing*. It's the difference between "I am eating" and "I am gradually eating everything in the fridge."

How This Grammar Works

In Hindi, when we want to show that an action is ongoing and progressing over time (getting more and more X), we use a helper verb. Specifically, we steal the verb jānā (to go). Why "go"? Think of it like a snowball rolling down a hill—it "goes" on getting bigger. We combine the main verb in its imperfective participle form (that's the one ending in tā, tī, or te) with a continuous form of jānā. It sounds complicated, but it's basically: "Main Verb (doing) + Go (going) + Is/Was".

Formation Pattern

  1. 1Here is your recipe for gradual change. Don't skip steps!
  2. 2Take the root of your main verb. (e.g., ho from honā - to become/happen).
  3. 3Add tā, tī, or te to match the subject's gender and number. This is the part that changes.
  4. 4Add the verb jānā conjugated in the continuous tense (jā rahā/rahī/rahe).
  5. 5Add the auxiliary verb (hai, thā, etc.) to set the time.
  6. 6* Structure: [Verb Root] + [tā/tī/te] + [jā] + [rahā/rahī/rahe] + [hai/thā/gā]

When To Use It

Use this pattern when you want to emphasize a trend or a process.

* Describing the weather: "It is getting colder" (thand badhtī jā rahī hai).

* Talking about inflation: "Prices are keeping on rising" (dām badhte jā rahe hain).

* Personal growth: "You are becoming more confident" (tum aur confident hote jā rahe ho).

* When your mom asks why you're still single: "The options are decreasing" (options kam hote jā rahe hain).

When Not To Use It

Don't use this for static states or sudden actions.

* If the phone rings suddenly, it's not bajtā jā rahā hai (unless it's ringing continuously and getting louder/annoying over time).

* If you are just sitting, you aren't baithte jā rahe hain. That would imply you are gradually sinking into the chair!

Common Mistakes

* The Double Rahā: Beginners often say hotā rahā hai. That means "has been happening" (habitual). For gradual progression, you need the jā in there.

* Gender Mismatch: Remember, the first verb (hotā) AND the second verb (jā rahā) must both agree with the subject. If the subject is feminine (like hindī), both must be feminine: hindī behtar hotī jā rahī hai (NOT hotā jā rahī hai). Even native speakers slip up when speaking fast, but let's try to impress them.

Contrast With Similar Patterns

* Simple Continuous (ho rahā hai): "It is happening." (Focus: Right now).

* Gradual/Progressive (hotā jā rahā hai): "It is getting/becoming..." (Focus: The process over time).

* Continuative (kartā rahtā hai): "He keeps on doing it." (Focus: Repetition/Habit, not necessarily progression).

Quick FAQ

Q: Can I use this for the past tense?

Absolutely. Voh amīr hotā jā rahā thā (He was getting richer and richer).

Q: Can I use transitive verbs like 'eating'?

Yes! Voh khātā jā rahā hai means "He is going on eating" (he's stuffing his face continuously).

Reference Table

Subject Main Verb (Root+ta/te/ti) Progressive Aux (ja+raha/e/i) Meaning
Mausam (The weather) garam hotā jā rahā hai It is getting hot(ter).
Log (People) būḍhe hote jā rahe hain People are getting old(er).
Main (I - Fem.) sīkhtī jā rahī hūn I am going on learning.
Voh (She) patlī hotī jā rahī thī She was getting thin(ner).
Karz (Debt) badhtā jā rahā hai Debt is keeping on increasing.
Tum (You - Masc.) kyun rote jā rahe ho? Why do you go on crying?
💡

The Rolling Stone

Visualize the action as a rolling stone. It doesn't just 'be' (hona), it 'goes' (jana) down the hill, gathering speed. That's why we use 'jana'!

⚠️

Don't Double Up

Never say 'hota jaata hai' for 'is becoming'. Mixing simple present (jaata) with this structure implies a general truth, not a current progression.

🎯

Emphasis Trick

Add 'aur' (more) before the adjective to sound natural. 'Aur mushkil hota ja raha hai' (It's getting even more difficult).

💬

Dramatic Flair

Hindi speakers love this for storytelling. 'Woh chillata ja raha tha!' (He just kept on screaming!). Use it to add drama to your anecdotes.

例句

8
#1 दिन-ब-दिन महँगाई बढ़ती जा रही है।

Din-ba-din mehangāī badhtī jā rahī hai.

Focus: badhtī jā rahī

Inflation is increasing day by day.

Classic usage for trends.

#2 तुम दिन पर दिन सुंदर होती जा रही हो।

Tum din par din sundar hotī jā rahī ho.

Focus: hotī jā rahī

You are getting more beautiful day by day.

A compliment using the structure.

#3 भीड़ पागल होती जा रही थी।

Bhīḍ pāgal hotī jā rahī thī.

Focus: hotī jā rahī thī

The crowd was going crazy (becoming crazier).

Used in the past tense here.

#4 वह बस बोलता जा रहा है, कोई सुन नहीं रहा।

Voh bas boltā jā rahā hai, koī sun nahīn rahā.

Focus: boltā jā rahā

He is just going on speaking, nobody is listening.

Negative context: rambling.

#5 ✗ पानी ठंडा होता रहा है। → ✓ पानी ठंडा होता जा रहा है।

✗ Pānī thanda hotā rahā hai. → ✓ Pānī thanda hotā jā rahā hai.

Focus: hotā jā rahā

The water is getting colder.

Correction: 'raha hai' is habitual; need 'ja raha' for process.

#6 ✗ कीमतें बढ़ती जा रहा है। → ✓ कीमतें बढ़ती जा रही हैं।

✗ Qīmatein badhtī jā rahā hai. → ✓ Qīmatein badhtī jā rahī hain.

Focus: badhtī jā rahī hain

Prices are rising.

Correction: 'Qīmatein' is feminine plural.

#7 हालात बद से बदतर होते जा रहे हैं।

Hālāt bad se badtar hote jā rahe hain.

Focus: hote jā rahe

The situation is going from bad to worse.

Advanced: Idiomatic usage 'bad se badtar'.

#8 जैसे-जैसे हम ऊपर गए, हवा पतली होती गई।

Jaise-jaise ham ūpar gae, havā patlī hotī gaī.

Focus: hotī gaī

As we went up, the air kept getting thinner.

Advanced: Using 'gaī' (past perfect) instead of 'jā rahī thī' for a narrative sequence.

自我测试

Complete the sentence: 'The traffic is getting worse.' (Traffic = Traffic, kharāb = bad).

Traffic aur kharāb ___ ___ ___ hai.

✓ 正确！ ✗ 不太对。 正确答案： hotā jā rahā

We need the 'ta + ja + raha' combination to show the gradual worsening process.

Select the correct form for a feminine subject 'Roshni' (Light).

Roshni kam ___ jā rahī hai.

✓ 正确！ ✗ 不太对。 正确答案： hotī

Subject 'Roshni' is feminine, so the participle must be 'hotī'.

Translate: 'He keeps on asking questions.' (Voh savāl...)

Voh savāl pūchtā ___ ___ hai.

✓ 正确！ ✗ 不太对。 正确答案： jā rahā

'Pūchtā jā rahā hai' implies he is continuously asking one after another in a stream.

🎉 得分： /3

视觉学习工具

Static vs. Progressive

Simple Continuous
Ho rahā hai It is happening (now)
Gradual Progression
Hotā jā rahā hai It is becoming (over time)

Choosing the Right Structure

1

Is the action happening right now?

YES ↓
NO
Use Simple Tense
2

Is it a changing process or trend?

YES ↓
NO
Use Simple Continuous (rahā hai)
3

Is it happening bit by bit?

YES ↓
NO
Use Simple Continuous
4

Result

NO
Use 'tā jā rahā hai'

Verbs That Love 'Jana'

🔄

Change State

  • • Hona (Become)
  • • Badalna (Change)
📈

Movement

  • • Badhna (Increase)
  • • Ghatna (Decrease)
🗣️

Action Stream

  • • Bolna (Speak)
  • • Likhna (Write)

常见问题

21 个问题

In Hindi, 'going' implies progression away from the current state. It adds the sense of moving forward in time or intensity.

Yes! Voh mota hota ja raha hai (He is getting fat). Just be careful who you say that to!

'Ho raha hai' is a snapshot (it's happening). 'Hota ja raha hai' is a video (it's in the process of becoming).

Yes. Roshni kam hoti ja rahi hai. Both hoti and ja rahi are feminine.

Definitely. Use it to describe trends in the past. Mausam kharab hota ja raha tha (The weather was getting worse).

Yes. Voh khata ja raha hai means he is continuously eating, perhaps without stopping.

It's standard Hindi. You'll hear it in news reports (Economy girri ja rahi hai) and casual chat (Tu patla hota ja raha hai).

Rehna (hota rehta hai) implies a habit or something that keeps happening repeatedly. Jana implies a continuous progression.

That means 'it increases' (general fact). Badhta ja raha hai means 'it is currently keeping on increasing'.

Yes. Yeh aur mushkil hota jayega (This will keep getting harder). Note: rah is usually dropped in future simple.

We rarely negate the progression itself. We usually just say 'it isn't happening' (nahi ho raha). But you can say kam nahi hota ja raha (It isn't getting less).

Yes. Bachche bade hote ja rahe hain (The kids are getting big/growing up).

Yes, chala adds extra emphasis on the 'going/continuing' aspect. Voh bolta chala ja raha hai.

Yes. The main verb (participle) must come before the ja raha part. Ja raha hota is wrong.

Jana itself is the main irregularity here. If the main verb is jana, we usually don't say jata ja raha hai. It sounds repetitive.

Yes. Main gussa hota ja raha hun (I am getting angrier and angrier).

Use the imperative of hona: Gussa hona band karo. You wouldn't use the ja raha structure for a command.

Often! It gives a nice flow. Raat gehri hoti ja rahi thi... (The night was getting deeper...).

Not automatically. You can add tezi se (fast) or dhire dhire (slowly) to specify.

Usually 'keeps on X-ing' or 'getting X-er and X-er'.

Yes, Main Hindi seekhta ja raha hun implies you are making continuous progress in learning.

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Habitual Actions Using Verb Stem
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Past Habitual in Counterfactual Conditional

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