As has been established
Academic essay writing expression
Use this phrase to link new conclusions to facts you have already proven in formal settings.
In 15 Sekunden
- Refers back to a previously proven or agreed-upon point.
- Used primarily in formal writing and professional presentations.
- Adds a tone of authority and logical certainty.
Bedeutung
This phrase is a sophisticated way to say 'as we've already seen' or 'like we already agreed.' It reminds people of a fact you already proved earlier in your conversation or writing.
Wichtige Beispiele
3 von 6Writing a university history paper
As has been established, the treaty was signed under significant pressure.
As has been established, the treaty was signed under significant pressure.
In a serious corporate board meeting
As has been established by the marketing team, our target audience is shifting.
As has been established by the marketing team, our target audience is shifting.
Joking with a roommate about chores
As has been established by the pile of dishes, it is definitely your turn to clean.
As has been established by the pile of dishes, it is definitely your turn to clean.
Kultureller Hintergrund
This expression is a hallmark of 'Standard Written English' and is deeply tied to the Western academic tradition of rhetoric. It reflects a culture that prizes linear logic and the building of arguments upon 'established' evidence. While common in the UK and US, it is universally understood in global professional contexts.
The 'Comma' Rule
Always put a comma after this phrase when it starts a sentence. It helps the reader take a breath and prepare for your conclusion.
Don't Overdo It
If you use this more than twice in one page, you'll sound like you're trying too hard. Save it for your most important points.
In 15 Sekunden
- Refers back to a previously proven or agreed-upon point.
- Used primarily in formal writing and professional presentations.
- Adds a tone of authority and logical certainty.
What It Means
Think of this phrase as a logical bridge. It connects what you are saying now to a fact you already proved. It tells your reader, "Remember that point I made? It's a fact now." It is like putting a seal of approval on an earlier argument. You aren't just guessing anymore. You are building on a solid foundation. It makes your logic feel unbreakable and very professional.
How To Use It
You usually place this at the start of a sentence. Always follow it with a comma. For example: As has been established, the data is clear. You can also tuck it into the middle of a sentence. Try: The results, as has been established, are quite surprising. It acts like a small pause for emphasis. It signals to everyone that the debate on that specific point is over. Use it to sound confident and organized.
When To Use It
This is your best friend for academic essays or formal reports. Use it in a business meeting when you're summarizing a long discussion. It's perfect for when you want to sound like an expert. If you are writing a cover letter, it can link your skills to the job needs. It works well in any situation where logic and evidence matter most. It shows you have a clear plan for your argument.
When NOT To Use It
Don't use this while grabbing tacos with your friends. It sounds way too stiff and robotic for a casual hang. If you say it during a date, you might sound like a lawyer. Avoid it in short, casual texts unless you are being funny. It's too heavy for simple topics like what movie to watch. Using it too much can also make you sound a bit arrogant. Use it sparingly to keep its power.
Cultural Background
This phrase comes from the world of formal logic and legal writing. In courtrooms, lawyers must "establish" facts before they can move on. English speakers use this to mimic that sense of authority. It carries the weight of centuries of academic tradition. It suggests that the speaker is educated and values objective truth. It's deeply rooted in the Western style of building a linear, logical argument.
Common Variations
You might hear people say As previously discussed in business meetings. As mentioned earlier is a slightly softer, more common version. If you want to be very direct, try As we have seen. In science, you might see As demonstrated. Each one does the same job but with a slightly different flavor. As has been established remains the most formal and definitive of the group.
Nutzungshinweise
This is a high-register expression. It is almost exclusively used in formal writing (essays, papers, reports) or formal speech (lectures, courtrooms, boardrooms). Using it in casual conversation is often perceived as humorous or overly stiff.
The 'Comma' Rule
Always put a comma after this phrase when it starts a sentence. It helps the reader take a breath and prepare for your conclusion.
Don't Overdo It
If you use this more than twice in one page, you'll sound like you're trying too hard. Save it for your most important points.
The Power Move
In British English, using this in a debate is a 'power move.' It subtly tells the other person that their counter-argument is already invalid.
Beispiele
6As has been established, the treaty was signed under significant pressure.
As has been established, the treaty was signed under significant pressure.
The writer is referring back to evidence provided in a previous paragraph.
As has been established by the marketing team, our target audience is shifting.
As has been established by the marketing team, our target audience is shifting.
Used to ground the current strategy in previously presented research.
As has been established by the pile of dishes, it is definitely your turn to clean.
As has been established by the pile of dishes, it is definitely your turn to clean.
Using a very formal phrase for a trivial matter creates a humorous effect.
As has been established, I am the undisputed champion of Mario Kart.
As has been established, I am the undisputed champion of Mario Kart.
Playful use of formal language in a casual digital setting.
As has been established over our ten years together, I will always support you.
As has been established over our ten years together, I will always support you.
Uses the weight of the phrase to emphasize a deep, long-standing truth.
As has been established by the witness testimony, the defendant was not present.
As has been established by the witness testimony, the defendant was not present.
Classic legal usage to summarize proven facts.
Teste dich selbst
Choose the correct phrase to complete this formal sentence.
___ in the previous chapter, the chemical reaction requires a catalyst.
'As has been established' is the correct formal choice for referring to previously presented information in a text.
Which punctuation correctly follows the phrase?
As has been established ___ the company will be merging next month.
In English, introductory phrases like this are almost always followed by a comma.
🎉 Ergebnis: /2
Visuelle Lernhilfen
Formality Spectrum of 'Referencing Back'
Used with friends
Like I said...
Standard emails
As mentioned...
Academic/Legal
As has been established...
Where to use 'As has been established'
University Essay
Linking evidence to a thesis.
Legal Document
Stating proven facts.
Business Report
Summarizing quarterly data.
Sarcastic Joke
Pointing out the obvious to friends.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
12 FragenIt means 'based on the facts we have already proven or agreed upon.' It's a way to refer back to a solid piece of information.
Essentially yes, but 'As I said' is very casual. 'As has been established' is much more formal and sounds more objective.
Only if you are being funny or sarcastic. Otherwise, it will look like you accidentally copied and pasted from your homework.
It almost always goes immediately after the word established when the phrase starts a sentence.
Use As has been established for things already proven. As is being established would mean the proof is happening right now, which is rare.
Yes! Use it to link your past experience to the job. For example: As has been established by my resume, I have five years of sales experience.
It can if used too much. It's a very 'strong' phrase, so use it only when the fact really has been proven.
You can use As we've seen or As mentioned. These are slightly less formal but still professional.
Yes, it is very common in American academic and legal writing, just as it is in British English.
It's rare. It usually works best at the beginning or as an 'interrupter' in the middle of a sentence.
No, in this context, established means 'proven to be true' or 'widely accepted as a fact.'
Absolutely. Using this correctly is a great way to demonstrate a high level of English proficiency in writing.
Verwandte Redewendungen
As previously mentioned
A slightly less formal way to refer to something said earlier.
It follows that
A phrase used to show a logical conclusion based on facts.
Given the aforementioned
A very formal way to say 'considering what was just said.'
As demonstrated above
Common in technical writing to refer to a chart or example.
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