Informal Hindi Commands: The "-
For friends use root + 'o' (Tum), for intimacy or pets use just the root (Tu).
The Rule in 30 Seconds
- Drop 'na' from verb infinitive.
- For 'Tu', use the bare root.
- For 'Tum', add 'o' to root.
- Use 'mat' for negative commands.
Quick Reference
| Verb (Infinitive) | Root | Tu Command (Intimate) | Tum Command (Familiar) |
|---|---|---|---|
| sunna (to listen) | sun | sun | suno |
| aana (to come) | aa | aa | aao |
| baithna (to sit) | baith | baith | baitho |
| karna (to do) | kar | kar | karo |
| dena (to give) | de | de | do (Irregular!) |
| lena (to take) | le | le | lo (Irregular!) |
| peena (to drink) | pee | pee | piyo (Irregular!) |
Wichtige Beispiele
3 von 10Suno, yahan aao.
Listen, come here.
Paani la.
Bring water.
Jaldi karo!
Hurry up! (Do it quickly)
The Danger Zone
Never slip into 'Tu' with in-laws or police officers. It's considered aggressive.
Softening the Blow
If 'Tum jao' sounds too blunt, add 'na' at the end: 'Tum jao na' (Please go/Go, won't you?). It makes it friendlier.
The Rule in 30 Seconds
- Drop 'na' from verb infinitive.
- For 'Tu', use the bare root.
- For 'Tum', add 'o' to root.
- Use 'mat' for negative commands.
Overview
Welcome to the casual side of Hindi! You’ve probably mastered the polite Aap commands (like aayiye and baithiye), which is great for survival. But what about when you're hanging out with friends, talking to a younger sibling, or scolding your dog? That’s where informal commands come in. Hindi splits "you" into three levels, and today we’re focusing on the two informal ones: Tum (familiar) and Tu (intimate/very casual). Think of this as the "taking off your tie" version of Hindi grammar.
How This Works
In English, "Sit down" is the same whether you're talking to a judge or your best friend. In Hindi, the verb changes based on who you're talking to. Informal commands are shorter, punchier, and much easier to conjugate than the formal ones. You basically strip the verb down to its roots.
Formation Pattern
- 1Here is the secret recipe for making informal commands. It’s a subtraction game.
- 2Start with the Infinitive: Take any Hindi verb, like
bolna(to speak) oraana(to come). - 3Drop the
na: Remove thenafrom the end. You are left with the Root. Example:bol,aa. - 4* For
Tu(Intimate/Rough): Stop right here! The root *is* the command. Example:Tu bol(You speak). - 5* For
Tum(Familiar): Add the soundoto the root. Example:Tum bolo(You speak).
When To Use It
Context is king here. Use the Tum form (o ending) with friends, colleagues of the same level, waiters in casual settings (though Aap is safer), and younger family members. Use the Tu form (root only) with very close friends (besties), small children, pets, and—surprisingly—God (it shows intimacy/oneness). Also, unfortunately, use Tu if you want to pick a fight in traffic.
When Not To Use It
Avoid these like the plague when speaking to elders, your boss, police officers, or strangers. Using Tu with an elder isn't just a grammar mistake; it's a social disaster. It sounds like "Hey you, sit!" If in doubt, stick to Aap or at least Tum. Better to be too polite than accidentally rude!
Common Mistakes
* The "Please" Trap: Adding kripya (please) to a Tu command sounds weirdly sarcastic. Like saying, "I humbly request you to shut up."
* The Negative Mix-up: Don't use nahin for "don't." Use mat. Example: Mat jao (Don't go), not Nahin jao.
* Pronoun Confusion: Saying Aap with a Tum verb (e.g., Aap aao) sounds uneducated or confused.
Contrast With Similar Patterns
* Formal (Aap): Ends in -iye (e.g., Aaiye). Polite, soft, standard.
* Familiar (Tum): Ends in -o (e.g., Aao). Friendly, casual.
* Intimate (Tu): Just the root (e.g., Aa). Direct, sometimes harsh.
Quick FAQ
Q. Why do people use Tu in Bollywood songs?
A. It implies deep romantic love and closeness, not disrespect.
Q. Are there irregular verbs?
A. Yes! A few distinct ones like dena (give) becomes do (Tum) and de (Tu). We'll cover them below.
Reference Table
| Verb (Infinitive) | Root | Tu Command (Intimate) | Tum Command (Familiar) |
|---|---|---|---|
| sunna (to listen) | sun | sun | suno |
| aana (to come) | aa | aa | aao |
| baithna (to sit) | baith | baith | baitho |
| karna (to do) | kar | kar | karo |
| dena (to give) | de | de | do (Irregular!) |
| lena (to take) | le | le | lo (Irregular!) |
| peena (to drink) | pee | pee | piyo (Irregular!) |
The Danger Zone
Never slip into 'Tu' with in-laws or police officers. It's considered aggressive.
Softening the Blow
If 'Tum jao' sounds too blunt, add 'na' at the end: 'Tum jao na' (Please go/Go, won't you?). It makes it friendlier.
Divine Disrespect?
We use 'Tu' for God in prayers (like 'Tu hi re'). It symbolizes that there is no distance between the soul and the divine.
The Traffic Light Trick
Red light = Stop (Mat). Green light = Go (Jao). Remember, 'Mat' stops the action!
Beispiele
10Suno, yahan aao.
Focus: aao
Listen, come here.
Standard casual command to a friend.
Paani la.
Focus: la
Bring water.
Very direct 'Tu' command. Okay for a sibling, rude for a waiter.
Jaldi karo!
Focus: karo
Hurry up! (Do it quickly)
Used constantly in daily life.
Chup kar.
Focus: kar
Shut up.
Aggressive or very informal teasing.
Ye lo.
Focus: lo
Take this / Here you go.
Irregular 'Tum' form of 'lena'.
Mujhe phone mat karo.
Focus: mat
Don't call me.
Negative command uses 'mat'.
✓ Aap aaiye / Tum aao.
Focus: aaiye
Please come / You come.
Don't mix formal pronoun 'Aap' with informal verb 'aao'.
✓ Bahar mat jao.
Focus: mat
Don't go outside.
Never use 'nahin' for imperatives.
Apna kaam kar.
Focus: kar
Mind your own business / Do your work.
Dismissive phrase.
Oye, sun!
Focus: sun
Hey, listen!
Very informal attention grabber.
Teste dich selbst
Convert 'bolna' (to speak) for a friend (Tum).
Tum hindi ___.
For 'Tum', we add 'o' to the root 'bol'. 'Bol' is for 'Tu', and 'Boliye' is for 'Aap'.
Tell your younger brother NOT to eat that.
Woh ___ khao!
In commands (imperatives), we always use 'mat' for prohibition, not 'nahin'.
Ask a friend to 'give' (dena) the pen.
Pen ___.
'Dena' is irregular. The 'Tum' command is 'do', not 'deo'.
🎉 Ergebnis: /3
Visuelle Lernhilfen
Suffix Showdown
Which Command To Use?
Are they older or a stranger?
Are they a close friend/peer?
Use 'Tum' (+o)
The Irregular Squad
Dena (Give)
- • Tum DO
- • Tu DE
Lena (Take)
- • Tum LO
- • Tu LE
Peena (Drink)
- • Tum PIYO
- • Tu PEE
Karna (Do)
- • Tum KARO
- • Tu KAR
Häufig gestellte Fragen
22 FragenTraditionally, no. Aap is standard. However, in some modern urban families, Tum is becoming acceptable, but stick to Aap to be safe.
They might get offended or think you want to fight. It sounds very uneducated or rude, like shouting "Hey you!"
Yes! The root of peena is pee, but for Tum, we say piyo, not peeo. It flows better.
Use mat. Say Woh mat karo. Never say Woh nahin karo.
Absolutely. Chalo (Let's go/Move) is used all the time without saying Tum chalo.
Baitho is telling a friend to sit. Baithiye is requesting an elder or guest to sit.
Generally, no! Suno applies to both men and women. In some specific future-imperative forms, they might, but for basic commands, they are gender-neutral.
It shows extreme closeness, like childhood best friends. It says, "We are so close, we don't need formalities."
Say Mujhe do (familiar) or Mujhe de (intimate/rough).
Chup means quiet. Chup raho (Stay quiet) or Chup karo (Make quiet/Shut up) are the full commands.
Yes, Hinglish is huge. Phone karo (Call me) or Wait karo (Wait) is perfectly natural.
Zara means 'a little' or 'just'. Adding it softens the command. Zara suno = Just listen for a sec.
Huge amount. Yahan aao can be an invitation or an order depending on your voice pitch.
They might laugh and ask why you are being so formal. It creates a 'distance' between you.
Sort of. We use Chalo (Let's go) or Aao (Come) to include the group, but it technically targets 'You'.
Use the structure karne do. Example: Mujhe karne do (Let me do it).
Khaiye ends in -iye, so it is formal (Aap). The informal is Khao.
Yes, always. You don't need to respect your cat socially (even if they demand it). Say Niche utar (Get down).
Just add na at the end. Mamad karo na (Help me, won't you?).
Yes, it's a distinct 'O' sound. Jao, Khao, So jao.
Yes, from batana (to tell). Mujhe batao means 'Tell me'.
It's rare as a direct command, but raho (stay/be) is used. Khush raho (Be happy).
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