排他的

The state of being diverse; variety. It often refers to a range of different things or people (cultural, biological, etc.).

Being close together or having a very close connection or relationship.

The power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedience, or a person with expert knowledge. Frequently used in IELTS when discussing leadership or academic expertise.

To bring up or raise an issue, problem, or question for discussion or consideration. It is often used in legal contexts (raising a lawsuit) or intellectual contexts.

Being physically or mentally tough, resilient, and difficult to break. In modern contexts, it often refers to 'resilient' systems or infrastructure.

The process of a liquid gradually passing through a substance, or the gradual spread of ideas, culture, or influence. Used in IELTS for chemistry or sociology.

The process of a structure or system falling down or giving way. Frequently used in IELTS to describe economic bubbles or social structures failing.

To lead, guide, or be at the forefront of a movement, group, or trend. It implies being a pioneer or taking the initiative.

A system of official rules that a country or community recognizes as regulating the actions of its members and may enforce by the imposition of penalties. It specifically refers to statutes and legislation passed by a governing body.

Kenri refers to a legal or moral entitlement to have something or to act in a certain way. It describes the power or status recognized by law or society that allows an individual to claim specific benefits or freedoms.