तुम
A second-person pronoun used to address one or more people informally. It is the standard way to speak to friends, siblings, or people of similar age and status, falling between the formal 'aap' and the intimate 'tu'.
Exemples
3 sur 5तुम क्या कर रहे हो?
What are you doing?
तुम अपनी रिपोर्ट कल तक पूरी करो।
Complete your report by tomorrow.
तुम बहुत अच्छे इंसान हो।
You are a very good person.
Famille de mots
Astuce mémo
Think of 'Tum' as 'The Usual Mate' — use it for people you are comfortable with and see regularly.
Quiz rapide
____ कहाँ जा रहे हो?
Correct !
La bonne réponse est : तुम
Exemples
तुम क्या कर रहे हो?
everydayWhat are you doing?
तुम अपनी रिपोर्ट कल तक पूरी करो।
formalComplete your report by tomorrow.
तुम बहुत अच्छे इंसान हो।
informalYou are a very good person.
क्या तुम इस सिद्धांत को समझा सकते हो?
academicCan you explain this theory?
तुम अगले हफ्ते क्लाइंट से मिलना।
businessYou meet the client next week.
Famille de mots
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
तुम जानो
It's up to you / You know best
तुम ही हो
It's only you
जैसा तुम कहो
As you say
Souvent confondu avec
Aap is used for elders or in formal settings to show respect, while tum is for equals or friends.
Tu is extremely intimate or used for children, but can be considered derogatory or rude if used with strangers.
Notes d'usage
When using 'tum', the verb ending usually changes to '-o' (e.g., tum khao). It is grammatically treated as plural even when addressing one person.
Erreurs courantes
Learners often use the polite verb ending '-iye' with 'tum' (e.g., saying 'tum aaiye' instead of 'tum aao'), which is grammatically incorrect.
Astuce mémo
Think of 'Tum' as 'The Usual Mate' — use it for people you are comfortable with and see regularly.
Origine du mot
Derived from the Sanskrit second-person pronoun 'tuvám'.
Modèles grammaticaux
Contexte culturel
While 'tum' is common among friends, switching to 'aap' for someone older is a sign of good upbringing in Indian culture.
Quiz rapide
____ कहाँ जा रहे हो?
Correct !
La bonne réponse est : तुम
Expressions liées
Vocabulaire associé
Plus de mots sur grammar
जाना
A1to go
है
A1to be
करना
A1to do
आना
A1to come
होना
A1Hona is the primary Hindi verb meaning 'to be,' used to link a subject with its identity, state, or description. It also functions as 'to happen' or 'to occur' and is the most important auxiliary verb for forming all continuous, perfect, and future tenses.
देना
A1Denā is a fundamental transitive verb in Hindi that primarily means 'to give', 'to hand over', or 'to provide'. Beyond its literal meaning, it acts as an auxiliary verb to indicate an action done for someone else or to express the concept of 'letting' or permitting someone to do something.
लेना
A1The verb 'लेना' (lenā) primarily means to take, receive, or accept something. It is also used as an auxiliary verb in compound constructions to indicate that the action is performed for the benefit of the subject themselves.
नाम
A1The word 'नाम' refers to the specific title or designation used to identify a person, place, object, or concept. In a linguistic sense, it corresponds to a noun or a proper name used for identification in social and formal contexts.
मैं
A1The first-person singular pronoun in Hindi used by a speaker to refer to themselves. It is gender-neutral but requires verb conjugation to match the gender of the speaker.
आप
A1A formal second-person pronoun used to address one or more people with respect. It is essential for polite conversation with elders, strangers, or in professional environments, and it always requires plural verb conjugations.
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