C1 Expression 매우 격식체 3분 분량

The literature indicates

Academic essay writing expression

Use this phrase to sound authoritative and show your claims are backed by professional research.

15초 만에

  • A formal way to say 'research shows' in academic writing.
  • Refers to professional studies and papers, not novels or poetry.
  • Used to provide authority and evidence for a specific claim.

This phrase is a sophisticated way of saying 'research and academic books show that...' It suggests that you aren't just giving an opinion, but rather reporting what experts have already proven.

주요 예문

3 / 6
1

Writing a university essay on climate change

The literature indicates that sea levels are rising faster than previously predicted.

Research shows that sea levels are rising faster than we thought.

💼
2

A doctor explaining a treatment to a patient

The literature indicates that this medication is effective for 90% of cases.

Medical studies show this medicine works for most people.

👔
3

Sarcastic response to a friend's weird health tip

Actually, the literature indicates that eating only cheese is not a valid diet.

Actually, science says your cheese diet is a bad idea.

😄
🌍

문화적 배경

In English-speaking academic circles, 'the literature' refers to the total sum of published research on a topic. This phrase became a staple of the 'Evidence-Based' movement in the late 20th century, particularly in medicine and social sciences. It signifies a shift from trusting individual 'experts' to trusting the collective data of the scientific community.

💡

The 'Literature' Secret

In English, 'literature' usually means novels like Great Gatsby. But in science, it strictly means 'the pile of research papers on this topic.' Don't get them confused!

⚠️

Don't over-promise

The phrase 'indicates' is safer than 'proves.' Scientists rarely say 'proves' because they are always open to new data. Use 'indicates' to sound like a real pro.

15초 만에

  • A formal way to say 'research shows' in academic writing.
  • Refers to professional studies and papers, not novels or poetry.
  • Used to provide authority and evidence for a specific claim.

What It Means

Imagine you are standing in a massive library. You point to a shelf of serious-looking books and say, 'Look, these experts agree with me.' That is exactly what the literature indicates does in a sentence. In this context, literature doesn't mean poetry or novels. It refers to the collection of academic papers, studies, and professional reports on a specific topic. When you use this phrase, you are telling your reader that your point is backed by science or history. It adds a layer of authority to your voice. It moves the focus from 'I think' to 'the world of experts knows.'

How To Use It

You usually place this phrase at the very beginning of a sentence. It acts as a formal introduction to a fact or a trend. For example, you might say, The literature indicates a strong link between sleep and memory. You can also use it in the middle of a sentence to support a claim you just made. It functions like a verbal stamp of approval. It’s very common in university essays, medical reports, or high-level business strategy documents. Think of it as the ultimate 'receipt' for your arguments.

When To Use It

Use this phrase when you want to sound like an expert. It is perfect for university assignments where you need to cite sources. You can also use it in a professional meeting if you want to convince your boss of a new strategy. It works well in serious debates about social issues or science. If you are writing a blog post about health or psychology, this phrase makes you look very credible. It tells people you have actually done your homework. It’s the linguistic equivalent of wearing a lab coat or a very expensive suit.

When NOT To Use It

Do not use this phrase when talking about your personal feelings. If you say, The literature indicates I am hungry, your friends will think you’ve lost your mind. It is far too heavy for casual settings. Avoid it at the dinner table or while texting your crush. Also, don't use it if you haven't actually read any research. If someone asks, 'Which literature?' and you can't name a study, you will look quite silly. It’s a high-stakes phrase that requires real evidence behind it. Keep it away from gossip or low-stakes opinions about movies.

Cultural Background

In Western academic culture, there is a huge emphasis on 'peer-reviewed' evidence. This means experts check each other's work before it gets published. The literature is the sacred collection of this checked work. Using this phrase shows you respect the scientific method. It reflects a culture that values data over intuition. Historically, this type of language was used to keep academic circles exclusive. Today, it’s a standard tool for anyone who wants to participate in serious global conversations.

Common Variations

You might hear people say research suggests or studies show. These are slightly less formal but mean almost the same thing. If you want to be even more specific, you could say current literature indicates. This implies that the most recent findings are being discussed. Another variation is the body of evidence points to. All of these phrases serve the same purpose: they move the responsibility of the truth from you to the experts.

사용 참고사항

This phrase is strictly for formal or professional registers. Using it in a casual setting can make you sound arrogant or socially awkward unless used for humor.

💡

The 'Literature' Secret

In English, 'literature' usually means novels like Great Gatsby. But in science, it strictly means 'the pile of research papers on this topic.' Don't get them confused!

⚠️

Don't over-promise

The phrase 'indicates' is safer than 'proves.' Scientists rarely say 'proves' because they are always open to new data. Use 'indicates' to sound like a real pro.

💬

The Passive Power

Using this phrase allows you to avoid saying 'I.' In Western academia, being 'objective' (not using 'I') is considered more trustworthy and professional.

예시

6
#1 Writing a university essay on climate change
💼

The literature indicates that sea levels are rising faster than previously predicted.

Research shows that sea levels are rising faster than we thought.

This is the classic academic use of the phrase.

#2 A doctor explaining a treatment to a patient
👔

The literature indicates that this medication is effective for 90% of cases.

Medical studies show this medicine works for most people.

Used here to provide professional reassurance based on data.

#3 Sarcastic response to a friend's weird health tip
😄

Actually, the literature indicates that eating only cheese is not a valid diet.

Actually, science says your cheese diet is a bad idea.

Using a very formal phrase for a silly topic creates humor.

#4 Texting a colleague about a project
💼

The literature indicates we should focus on mobile users first.

The reports say we should prioritize mobile users.

A bit formal for a text, but works if the colleague is also a 'data nerd'.

#5 Discussing mental health research with a partner
💭

The literature indicates that daily walks can significantly improve your mood.

Research says walking every day helps you feel better.

Used to offer helpful, evidence-based advice in a serious moment.

#6 A business presentation about market trends
👔

The literature indicates a shift toward sustainable consumer habits.

Market research shows people want to buy eco-friendly products.

Establishes the speaker as well-informed and prepared.

셀프 테스트

Choose the correct word to complete the formal academic phrase.

The ___ indicates that early intervention is key to success.

✓ 정답! ✗ 아쉬워요. 정답: literature

In an academic context, 'literature' is the specific term for the collection of research papers.

Complete the sentence to show research-backed evidence.

The literature ___ a strong correlation between poverty and health outcomes.

✓ 정답! ✗ 아쉬워요. 정답: indicates

'Indicates' is the standard verb paired with 'the literature' to show what the data points toward.

🎉 점수: /2

시각 학습 자료

Formality Spectrum of Citing Sources

Informal

Talking to friends

I heard somewhere that...

Neutral

General conversation/blogs

Studies show that...

Formal

Business reports

Research suggests that...

Very Formal

Academic journals/Theses

The literature indicates that...

Where to use 'The literature indicates'

The literature indicates
🎓

University Essay

Proving a thesis statement.

🏥

Medical Journal

Discussing clinical trial results.

📊

Corporate Strategy

Justifying a million-dollar investment.

🧪

Scientific Debate

Countering an opponent's claim.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, in this context, it refers to academic research, journal articles, and scholarly books. If you say The literature indicates in a science class, nobody expects you to talk about Shakespeare.

It’s usually too formal for a casual email. Unless you are being funny or working in a very academic field, stick to Research shows or I read that.

You almost always need the article the. Saying The literature indicates refers to the specific body of work related to your topic.

Indicates is slightly stronger than suggests. However, both are used to show that the data points toward a conclusion without claiming it is 100% absolute truth.

Yes, if you are discussing industry trends. For example, The literature indicates that remote work increases productivity sounds very impressive to a recruiter.

Yes, it is standard in all forms of academic English, including British, American, and Australian. It is a universal 'academic' dialect.

In a formal essay, yes! You should usually have a name and year in parentheses, like The literature indicates that X is true (Smith, 2023).

Saying I found out makes it about you. The literature indicates makes it about the facts. Academic writing values the facts over the person.

Usually, no. News reports aren't typically considered 'the literature.' Use it for peer-reviewed or professional research instead.

Yes, if it's a formal presentation or a lecture. It helps the audience trust your information immediately.

관련 표현

Research suggests

A slightly less formal way to report findings.

Empirical evidence shows

A very strong way to say the data proves something.

According to the scholarly consensus

Used when almost all experts agree on a topic.

Current trends indicate

Used for moving data like stock markets or social habits.

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