without
Used to show that someone or something is not present, not included, or not being used. It describes a lack or absence of a person, object, or action.
例句
3 / 5I cannot see clearly without my glasses.
I cannot see clearly without my glasses.
The contract was signed without any further delays.
The contract was signed without any further delays.
Don't leave the house without saying goodbye!
Don't leave the house without saying goodbye!
词族
记忆技巧
Think of the word as 'with' + 'out'. If the thing you want is 'out' of the picture, you are 'without' it.
快速测验
He left the office _____ his umbrella, even though it was raining.
正确！
正确答案是： without
例句
I cannot see clearly without my glasses.
everydayI cannot see clearly without my glasses.
The contract was signed without any further delays.
formalThe contract was signed without any further delays.
Don't leave the house without saying goodbye!
informalDon't leave the house without saying goodbye!
The experiment was conducted without external interference.
academicThe experiment was conducted without external interference.
We must finalize the budget without exceeding the limit.
businessWe must finalize the budget without exceeding the limit.
词族
常见搭配
常用短语
do without
to manage or survive despite not having something
go without
to live without something you need or want
without fail
certainly or always
容易混淆的词
Outside refers to physical location (not indoors), while without refers to the absence of something.
Unless is a conjunction used for conditions, whereas without is a preposition used before nouns or -ing verbs.
使用说明
When 'without' is followed by an action, you must use the -ing form of the verb (the gerund). It can also function as an adverb meaning 'outside' in very old-fashioned or literary contexts.
常见错误
Learners often use the base form of a verb after 'without' (e.g., 'without go') instead of the gerund form (e.g., 'without going').
记忆技巧
Think of the word as 'with' + 'out'. If the thing you want is 'out' of the picture, you are 'without' it.
词源
Derived from Old English 'wiðūtan', which literally meant 'on the outside of'.
语法模式
快速测验
He left the office _____ his umbrella, even though it was raining.
正确！
正确答案是： without
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