To resume
Academic discourse marker used to connect ideas
Use `to resume` to professionally signal that you are returning to your main topic after an interruption.
در ۱۵ ثانیه
- Used to restart an activity or conversation after a pause.
- Acts as a bridge to return to a main point.
- Common in professional, academic, and structured environments.
معنی
It is a way to pick up a conversation or activity exactly where you left off after a break. Think of it as hitting the 'play' button after a long pause.
مثالهای کلیدی
3 از 7Returning to a meeting after a coffee break
Now that everyone is back, let us resume the presentation.
Now that everyone is back, let us resume the presentation.
Continuing a story after a phone call
To resume, the main character finally finds the hidden key.
To resume, the main character finally finds the hidden key.
A formal lecture after a distraction
To resume our analysis of the text, we must look at the imagery.
To resume our analysis of the text, we must look at the imagery.
زمینه فرهنگی
The word has deep roots in academic and legal English, where maintaining a logical thread is vital. Interestingly, while it looks like the French word 'résumer' (to summarize), in English it primarily focuses on the act of restarting. It became a staple of professional discourse during the industrial era when structured meetings became the norm.
The 'Anyway' Bridge
If `to resume` feels too stiff, pair it with `anyway`. Saying 'Anyway, to resume...' makes you sound professional but approachable.
The Résumé Trap
In English, a `résumé` (pronounced rez-oo-may) is your CV. The verb `resume` (pronounced re-zoom) means to restart. Don't mix them up in writing!
در ۱۵ ثانیه
- Used to restart an activity or conversation after a pause.
- Acts as a bridge to return to a main point.
- Common in professional, academic, and structured environments.
What It Means
To resume is your linguistic 'reset' button. It means starting something again after an interruption or a pause. Imagine you are telling a story and your phone rings. After you hang up, you say, "To resume..." to get back to the plot. In academic settings, it acts as a bridge. It helps you return to your main point after a long side-note or tangent.
How To Use It
You usually place to resume at the start of a sentence. It signals to your listeners that the break is over. You can follow it with a specific topic, like "To resume our talk about the budget." It is clean, efficient, and very clear. It tells everyone, "Okay, focus is back on the main thing now."
When To Use It
Use this in meetings when people get distracted by snacks. It is perfect for lectures after a student asks a random question. You can even use it in a long email if you had to stop writing and come back later. It feels organized and professional. It shows you haven't lost your train of thought despite the chaos around you.
When NOT To Use It
Do not use to resume if you are starting something brand new. If you are just summarizing a whole book, to sum up is better. Avoid using it in very casual texts with your best friend. Saying "To resume our gossip" might sound a bit too robotic. Also, never confuse it with the noun résumé (your CV). That is a very awkward mistake at a job interview!
Cultural Background
This phrase comes from Latin roots meaning 'to take back.' In English-speaking cultures, time is often seen as a straight line. When that line is broken, we feel a need to 'repair' it. To resume is the tool we use for that repair. It reflects a cultural value for efficiency and staying on track. It is the verbal equivalent of a conductor tapping their baton.
Common Variations
You might hear people say to pick up where we left off. That is the more casual cousin of to resume. In very formal writing, you might see to return to the previous point. If you are in a rush, you might just say anyway or as I was saying. But to resume remains the gold standard for clear, academic transitions.
نکات کاربردی
This is a C1-level term because it requires an understanding of discourse structure. It is primarily formal or neutral; using it in very casual settings might make you sound like you are chairing a board meeting.
The 'Anyway' Bridge
If `to resume` feels too stiff, pair it with `anyway`. Saying 'Anyway, to resume...' makes you sound professional but approachable.
The Résumé Trap
In English, a `résumé` (pronounced rez-oo-may) is your CV. The verb `resume` (pronounced re-zoom) means to restart. Don't mix them up in writing!
The Power Move
In Western business culture, using `to resume` is a subtle way to show leadership. It signals that you are the one managing the time and the agenda.
مثالها
7Now that everyone is back, let us resume the presentation.
Now that everyone is back, let us resume the presentation.
A classic way to regain control of a room.
To resume, the main character finally finds the hidden key.
To resume, the main character finally finds the hidden key.
Used to bridge the gap caused by the interruption.
To resume our analysis of the text, we must look at the imagery.
To resume our analysis of the text, we must look at the imagery.
High-level academic discourse marker.
Anyway, to resume: I definitely think you should buy that jacket.
Anyway, to resume: I definitely think you should buy that jacket.
Slightly formal for a text, but works for clarity.
I will resume the lesson once everyone is quiet.
I will resume the lesson once everyone is quiet.
Used as a condition for starting again.
To resume my 50-part saga about the bad sandwich I ate...
To resume my 50-part saga about the bad sandwich I ate...
Using formal language for a silly topic creates humor.
I'm ready to resume this conversation when you've calmed down.
I'm ready to resume this conversation when you've calmed down.
Sets a boundary for continuing a serious discussion.
خودت رو بسنج
Choose the best phrase to return to a meeting after a lunch break.
Ladies and gentlemen, let us ___ our discussion on the annual goals.
`Resume` is the specific verb for starting again after a scheduled break.
Complete the sentence to show you are returning to your main point after a tangent.
___ my earlier point, the data clearly shows a rising trend.
`To resume` acts as a discourse marker to bring the focus back to a previous point.
🎉 امتیاز: /2
ابزارهای بصری یادگیری
Formality of 'Restarting' Phrases
Used with close friends or family.
Where was I?
Everyday work or social situations.
As I was saying...
Academic papers or board meetings.
To resume...
Legal or highly structured proceedings.
The court shall now resume.
When to use 'To Resume'
Post-Lunch Break
Let's resume the workshop.
After a Tangent
To resume my main argument...
Technical Pause
The stream will resume shortly.
Interrupted Story
To resume where I left off...
سوالات متداول
11 سوالNot exactly. While it can be used to return to a summary, its primary meaning is to start again. If you want to give a short version of a long story, use to sum up instead.
No, you resume an activity, not a person. You wouldn't say I will resume you; you would say I will resume our conversation.
Restart often implies starting from the very beginning. Resume implies starting from the exact point where you stopped.
Yes, it is excellent for academic writing. Use it to bring the reader back to your thesis after you have explained a complex piece of evidence.
It is pronounced /rɪˈzjuːm/ (re-ZOOM). It sounds very different from the noun for a CV, which is /ˈrɛzʊmeɪ/ (REZ-oo-may).
Yes, but it might sound a bit formal. It is better used if the conversation was interrupted for a few hours or days.
Yes, it is used globally in all major English dialects, including British, American, and Australian English.
Usually a noun phrase or a clause. For example, to resume the game or to resume what we were doing.
Yes, when used at the start of a sentence to manage the flow of talk, it functions as a discourse marker.
This is a common mistake. Resume already implies going back, so saying resume back is redundant. Just use resume.
It is very common in both, but you will see it more frequently in formal writing and professional speaking.
عبارات مرتبط
To pick up where we left off
To return to the point
To proceed
To carry on
To sum up
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