by
A preposition used to show the method or means of doing something, or to identify the person or thing that performs an action. It frequently appears in passive sentences to indicate the agent or before modes of transport.
مثالها
3 از 5I usually travel to work by train.
I use the train to go to my job.
The document must be signed by the authorized representative.
The representative is the person who must sign the paper.
I sent the message by mistake.
I did not mean to send the message.
خانواده کلمه
راهنمای حفظ
Think of the word 'BY-cycle' (bicycle). You go from one place to another BY using your feet on a cycle.
آزمون سریع
The book was written ___ a famous author.
درسته!
پاسخ صحیح این است: by
مثالها
I usually travel to work by train.
everydayI use the train to go to my job.
The document must be signed by the authorized representative.
formalThe representative is the person who must sign the paper.
I sent the message by mistake.
informalI did not mean to send the message.
The experiment was conducted by a group of scientists.
academicScientists were the ones who did the experiment.
Please confirm the delivery by email.
businessUse email to tell us the item arrived.
خانواده کلمه
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
step by step
moving slowly from one stage to the next
by the way
used to introduce a new topic in conversation
day by day
gradually as time passes
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
Use 'by' for the method/agent (by a person) and 'with' for the tool used (with a hammer).
Use 'by' for a deadline (no later than) and 'until' for duration (up to a certain point).
نکات کاربردی
When talking about transportation, use 'by' directly with the noun (e.g., by bus, by plane) without using 'a' or 'the'. In passive voice, 'by' introduces the person who did the action.
اشتباهات رایج
Learners often say 'by the car' when they mean 'by car' for transport. Another mistake is using 'by' to mean 'with' when referring to a specific tool or instrument.
راهنمای حفظ
Think of the word 'BY-cycle' (bicycle). You go from one place to another BY using your feet on a cycle.
ریشه کلمه
Derived from the Old English word 'be', which meant 'near', 'alongside', or 'about'.
الگوهای دستوری
آزمون سریع
The book was written ___ a famous author.
درسته!
پاسخ صحیح این است: by
قواعد مرتبط
عبارات مرتبط
واژگان مرتبط
لغات مرتبط
unknown
A1A person or thing that is not known, recognized, or familiar. It often refers to a mysterious situation or a person who has not yet achieved fame or success.
of
A1A preposition used to show a relationship between a part and a whole, or to indicate belonging and origin. It connects a noun or pronoun to another part of the sentence to specify which one or what kind.
in
A1A preposition used to indicate position within a container, a space, an area, or a period of time. It describes being surrounded by something or being inside the boundaries of a location.
it
A1A third-person singular pronoun used to refer to an object, animal, or situation that has already been mentioned or is clear from context. It is also frequently used as a dummy subject to talk about time, weather, or distance.
on
A1A preposition used to indicate that something is in a position above and supported by a surface. It is also used to indicate a specific day or date, or to show that a device is functioning.
as
A1A conjunction used to compare two things that are equal in some way. It is most commonly used in the pattern 'as + adjective/adverb + as' to show similarity.
this
A1Used to identify a specific person, thing, or idea that is physically close to the speaker or has just been mentioned. It can also refer to the present time or a situation that is currently happening.
we
A1The word 'we' is a first-person plural pronoun used to refer to the speaker and one or more other people collectively. It is used as the subject of a sentence or clause.
or
A1A coordinating conjunction used to connect two or more possibilities or alternatives. it indicates that only one of the options is likely, required, or true.
an
A1An is an indefinite article used before singular countable nouns that begin with a vowel sound. It functions to indicate a non-specific person or thing, similar to the number one.
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