服役
The act of serving a prison sentence as punishment for a crime, or performing mandatory military service. In modern Japan, it is most commonly used in a legal context regarding imprisonment.
Exemples
3 sur 5彼は3年間、刑務所で服役していました。
He was serving time in prison for three years.
被告人は、懲役10年の服役を言い渡された。
The defendant was sentenced to serve ten years of imprisonment.
あの人、昔服役してたって本当?
Is it true that person served time in the past?
Famille de mots
Astuce mémo
Think of 'Fuku' (to obey/submit) and 'Eki' (service/labor). You are 'obeying' the law by providing 'labor' in a cell.
Quiz rapide
彼は罪を償うために、5年間( )した。
Correct !
La bonne réponse est : 服役
Exemples
彼は3年間、刑務所で服役していました。
everydayHe was serving time in prison for three years.
被告人は、懲役10年の服役を言い渡された。
formalThe defendant was sentenced to serve ten years of imprisonment.
あの人、昔服役してたって本当?
informalIs it true that person served time in the past?
服役囚の再犯防止プログラムの効果を分析する。
academicAnalyze the effectiveness of recidivism prevention programs for prisoners.
採用候補者に服役の記録があるか調査する必要がある。
businessIt is necessary to investigate if the job candidate has a record of serving time.
Famille de mots
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
服役生活
life in prison / serving time
服役記録
criminal record of imprisonment
服役を免れる
to escape serving a sentence
Souvent confondu avec
Fukumu refers to general service or duty in a job, while fukueki is specific to prison or military service.
Heieki specifically refers to military service, whereas fukueki is a broader term mostly used for prison today.
Notes d'usage
Use this word primarily in legal or criminal contexts. While it can mean military service, in Japan (which has no draft), 'heieki' is preferred for military contexts, and 'fukueki' is almost always about prison.
Erreurs courantes
Don't use this for voluntary military service or standard jobs. Beginners often confuse 'fukueki' with general 'work' because of the character 役 (role/service).
Astuce mémo
Think of 'Fuku' (to obey/submit) and 'Eki' (service/labor). You are 'obeying' the law by providing 'labor' in a cell.
Origine du mot
Derived from Middle Chinese roots meaning 'to submit to' (服) and 'labor/service' (役).
Modèles grammaticaux
Contexte culturel
Because Japan does not have a mandatory military draft, the word 'fukueki' is strongly associated with the criminal justice system in a modern Japanese context.
Quiz rapide
彼は罪を償うために、5年間( )した。
Correct !
La bonne réponse est : 服役
Vocabulaire associé
Mots lis
保護
A1The act of keeping someone or something safe from harm, damage, or loss by providing care or creating boundaries. It is a versatile term in Japanese used for social welfare, environmental conservation, and digital security.
革命
A1A fundamental and sudden change in political power or social structure, often involving a shift in governance. It also refers to a major, transformative shift in technology, thought, or a specific field that completely alters how things are done.
拡大
A1The act of making something larger in size, scale, or scope. It is frequently used for physical enlargement (like a photo) or abstract growth (like a business or a problem).
販売
A1The act of selling goods or services to customers, typically within a commercial or professional context. It refers to the business process of making items available for purchase.
取引
A1A transaction or business deal involving the exchange of money, goods, or services. It refers to the process of doing business with another party or making a trade.
貯金
A1The act of saving money or the amount of money saved, typically in a bank or a piggy bank. It refers to setting aside funds for future use rather than spending them immediately.
借金
A1A sum of money that is borrowed from a person or an institution and is expected to be paid back. It refers to the state of owing money or the specific amount of debt accumulated.
利益
A1Refers to the financial profit a company or individual makes after deducting expenses. It also describes a general benefit, advantage, or gain that someone receives from a situation or action.
損失
A1A formal noun referring to the loss of something valuable, such as money, property, or time. It is commonly used in business or serious contexts to describe a reduction in value or a disadvantageous outcome.
予算
A1A budget or an estimate of the amount of money available for a specific purpose. It refers to the financial plan or limit set before spending occurs in personal, business, or government contexts.
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