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noun/adjective

The act of giving money, food, or help to people who are poor, sick, or in need; also refers to organizations that perform this work.

"他经常向慈善机构捐款。"

verb

To formally inform someone about something. It is a more professional and precise version of '告诉' (gàosù).

"请务必将您的决定及时告知我们。"

verb

To dismiss someone from their job, usually due to poor performance or economic necessity.

"由于经济不景气，公司不得不解雇了一部分员工。"

noun

The formal rules for polite behavior in society or in a particular group or situation.

"在正式场合，注意社交礼仪非常重要。"

verb

To officially employ or hire someone after a selection process. This is the positive outcome of a job application in the IELTS context.

"经过三轮面试，他最终被这家公司录用了。"

noun

A statement of money owed for goods or services. Common in IELTS General Reading and Writing Task 1 (e.g., complaining about an incorrect bill).

"请在收到账单后的十天内支付费用。"

verb

To express an apology formally. This is a critical term for IELTS letters of apology.

"他就迟到的行为向大家致歉。"

noun

Small, unimportant matters or details; trifles. Often used in IELTS discussions about domestic responsibilities or work stress.

"他整天忙于一些生活琐事，没有时间学习。"

verb/noun

To receive and treat guests with hospitality and kindness. Essential for IELTS General 'Thank you' letters after a stay or dinner.

"非常感谢您上周末对我们的热情款待。"

verb/noun/adjective

The practice of reducing the amount of energy used for a particular purpose, typically to save money or protect the environment.

"使用节能灯泡可以节省不少电费。"

verb/noun

To visit places of interest as a tourist; sightseeing.

"我们明天打算去市中心观光。"

noun

A brief account of a person’s education, qualifications, and previous experience (CV/Resume). Crucial for IELTS General Writing Task 2 and Speaking Part 3 on careers.

"他的职业履历非常丰富，曾在多家跨国公司工作。"

adjective/noun

A state of being worried, nervous, or uneasy, typically about an imminent event or something with an uncertain outcome.

"由于考试压力太大，他感到非常焦虑。"

verb/noun

To provide for the elderly or to live out one's life in retirement. It covers the social and financial systems for supporting old age.

"随着人口老龄化，养老问题变得越来越重要。"

noun

A formal agreement or understanding reached between two or more parties, often in a written contract format.

"双方已经签署了为期三年的合作协议。"

verb

To arrange for something (like a room, seat, or ticket) to be kept for use at a later time. Essential for travel-related IELTS tasks.

"我已经预定了下周去上海的机票。"

verb

To fail to fulfill the terms of a contract or agreement.

"如果你现在退出项目，就属于违约行为。"

adjective/verb

Full of people or things that there is very little room for movement; crowded.

"早高峰时期的地铁非常拥挤。"

verb

To claim compensation for damages or loss. It is a high-frequency term in formal letters involving accidents or insurance.

"由于行李在运输途中受损，他向航空公司要求索赔。"

noun/adjective

The state of being very tired, especially from hard work or lack of sleep.

"长时间的工作让他感到非常疲劳。"

verb

To arrange to receive something regularly, typically a publication or a service, by paying in advance.

"你可以点击屏幕下方的按钮来订阅我的频道。"

noun

A physical or mental feature which is regarded as indicating a condition of disease.

"流感的主要症状包括发烧、咳嗽和肌肉疼痛。"

verb

To ask for time off from work or school for reasons such as illness or personal matters.

"因为生病，我今天得向公司请假。"

verb

To hire or employ someone for a job. Relevant for Task 2 essays on employment and Task 1 letters regarding staff issues.

"由于业务扩大，公司决定雇用更多新员工。"

verb/adjective

To exceed a deadline or be overdue.

"由于逾期还款，他必须支付额外的利息。"

noun

A person who provides expert advice professionally, especially in business or technical fields.

"公司聘请了一位法律顾问来处理合同纠纷。"

verb

To be capable of performing a task or holding a position effectively.

"我相信他完全能胜任这份工作。"

verb

To formally submit or hand over a document, application, or resignation to someone in authority.

"他向经理递交了辞职信。"

verb

To leave one's job or position, whether voluntarily (resigning) or involuntarily.

"他在公司工作了十年，上个月决定离职。"

noun

The fixed regular payment, typically paid on a monthly or annual basis but often expressed as an annual sum, made by an employer to an employee. Often used in formal contexts or contracts.

"这份工作的薪金水平略高于行业平均标准。"

adjective

Characterized by speed and efficiency; happening or moving very quickly and without delay.

"这种支付方式非常快捷方便。"

adjective

Thoughtful, attentive, and thorough. Usually describes service or care for others. Good for 'Letter of Thanks' in IELTS.

"感谢您周到的安排，我们玩得很开心。"

verb/noun

To take an examination again because of a previous failure or an excused absence.

"如果你期末考试没过，下学期开学时可以参加补考。"

noun, verb

A turn or transition in the course of events or in an argument, typically involving a change in direction or contrast.

"这个故事在结尾处有一个出人意料的转折。"

verb

To comb (hair); metaphorically, to systematically organize, sort out, or clarify complex information.

"在写综述之前，我需要先梳理一下相关文献。"

verb

To withdraw from a course after it has started. This is a classic plot point in TOEFL listening dialogues about administrative issues.

"由于课程太难，他决定退课。"