إحصاء

An assessment of the value, size, or importance of something; also refers to an academic grade or showing appreciation.

The official recognition of a status or quality (accreditation), or the state of relying on something (reliance).

A place, person, or thing from which something comes or can be obtained. In linguistics, it also refers to the verbal noun/root form.

A reason or explanation that justifies an action or belief. It is a defense or excuse provided for why something happened.

A written work, such as a book, article, or musical composition. It refers to the result of an author's creative or intellectual labor.

Inevitable or unavoidable; something that is certain to happen as a result of specific circumstances.

The systematic, theoretical analysis of the methods applied to a field of study. It comprises the theoretical analysis of the body of methods and principles associated with a branch of knowledge.

The act of reconciling or harmonizing two or more different ideas, systems, or parties. It can also mean success granted by divine providence.

A detailed description or characterization of a job, a course, a situation, or a technical specification.

The act of explaining the meaning of something or a particular understanding of a text or situation. Vital for TOEFL 'Reading' and 'Listening' sections.