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Professional and Precise Language
Genitive Preposition: infolge
Use `infolge` with the Genitive to formally describe a direct consequence resulting from a specific event.
The Rule in 30 Seconds
- Used for direct cause-and-effect chains in formal German.
- Always triggers the Genitive case for the following noun.
- Common in news, reports, and professional business correspondence.
- Replace with 'von + Dative' if no article is present.
Quick Reference
| Gender | Article Change | Noun Ending | Example Phrase |
|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | des | + (e)s | infolge des Streiks |
| Feminine |
der
|
(none) | infolge der Verspätung |
| Neutral | des | + (e)s | infolge des Unglücks |
| Plural |
der
|
(none) | infolge der Reformen |
| Plural (No Article) | von + Dative | + n (if applicable) | infolge von Fehlern |
主な例文
3 / 8Infolge des starken Schneefalls wurde der Flughafen gesperrt.
As a result of the heavy snowfall, the airport was closed.
Die Firma machte infolge der Wirtschaftskrise hohe Verluste.
The company made heavy losses as a result of the economic crisis.
Infolge von Bauarbeiten kommt es zu Zugausfällen.
As a result of construction work, there are train cancellations.
The Domino Hook
Visualize a falling domino. The first tile is your Genitive noun, the second is the result. `infolge` is the push.
Avoid Dative Drift
In B2 exams, using Dative with `infolge` is a red flag. Always double-check that 'des' or 'der'.
The Rule in 30 Seconds
- Used for direct cause-and-effect chains in formal German.
- Always triggers the Genitive case for the following noun.
- Common in news, reports, and professional business correspondence.
- Replace with 'von + Dative' if no article is present.
Overview
Ever sat at a gate waiting for a delayed flight? You look at the screen. It says your plane is late. The reason? A massive storm. In German, you need a formal way to say this. This is where infolge steps onto the stage. It is a Genitive preposition. It links a cause to a specific result. Think of it like a row of falling dominoes. One event triggers the next one immediately. It sounds professional and sharp. You will see it in news reports. You will find it in business emails. It makes you sound like a pro. Even native speakers find it fancy. It is a B2-level power move. Let's master it together right now.
How This Grammar Works
infolge functions as a bridge. It connects a starting event to an outcome. The word literally contains Folge. This means "consequence" or "result" in German. So, you are saying "in consequence of." It always points backward to the trigger. Did a strike happen? Then the trains stopped. The strike is the cause. The stopped trains are the result. infolge sits right before the cause. It demands the Genitive case. This case is the "fancy" one in German. It shows a tight relationship between words. Using it shows you have control over the language. It is like wearing a suit to a grammar party. People will notice your effort. It adds a logical flow to your sentences.
Formation Pattern
- 1Building a sentence with
infolgeis a simple process. Follow these steps carefully. - 2Start with the preposition
infolge. - 3Add a noun that describes the cause.
- 4Change the article of that noun to Genitive.
- 5For masculine/neutral nouns, add an
-sor-esending. - 6Place the whole block at the start or middle.
- 7If the cause is masculine:
infolge des Sturms(as a result of the storm). - 8If it is feminine:
infolge der Krise(as a result of the crisis). - 9If it is neutral:
infolge des Fehlers(as a result of the mistake). - 10If it is plural:
infolge der Proteste(as a result of the protests). - 11What if there is no article? Use
von+ Dative instead.infolge von Verspätungen(as a result of delays). This is your grammar safety net. It keeps the sentence clear and correct.
When To Use It
Use infolge when you want to be precise. It belongs in formal writing mostly. Write it in your university essays. Use it when reporting a technical bug at work. It is perfect for describing weather-related issues. You will hear it on the evening news. "The road is closed infolge an accident." It sounds much more official than wegen. Use it in job interviews to explain results. "infolge my training, sales increased by ten percent." This shows you understand complex causal links. It is a great tool for storytelling too. It builds a sense of inevitable logic. Use it when one thing leads to another clearly. It is the "logic gate" of German prepositions.
When Not To Use It
Do not use infolge at a noisy bar. It is too stiff for casual chat. Your friends might think you are a textbook. Avoid it when ordering a simple pizza. "infolge my hunger, I want pepperoni" sounds weird. Use wegen for everyday, casual reasons. infolge is for big, systemic causes. Don't use it if the link is weak. It implies a direct, unavoidable consequence. If you just feel like doing something, skip it. It is not for personal whims or moods. Keep it for facts and events. Think of it like a tuxedo. You don't wear it to buy milk. Save it for the big moments.
Common Mistakes
Many people accidentally use the Dative case here. They say infolge dem Regen. This is a grammar crime in B2! Always stick to the Genitive des Regens. Another trap is mixing it up with zufolge. zufolge means "according to" and comes after the noun. infolge means "because of" and comes before it. Don't forget the -s on masculine nouns. infolge des Fehler is wrong. It must be infolge des Fehlers. Yes, even native speakers mess this up sometimes. They might get lazy and use Dative. Don't follow their bad habits in your exams! Be the grammar hero you were born to be. Check your noun endings twice every time.
Contrast With Similar Patterns
You already know wegen and aufgrund. How is infolge different? wegen is the all-rounder for any reason. aufgrund is for a basis or a fact. infolge is specifically for a sequence of events. It highlights the "aftermath" of an action. durch is also similar but often implies a means. Imagine a window breaking. wegen des Windes (general reason). infolge des Sturms (it was the logical consequence). durch einen Stein (the physical tool used). infolge feels more like a chain reaction. It is the most "dramatic" of the cause prepositions. Use it to add weight to your statements. It makes the result feel heavy and significant.
Quick FAQ
Q. Is it always Genitive?
A. Yes, except when plural nouns have no article.
Q. Can I use it for positive things?
A. Yes, but it often describes problems or disasters.
Q. Does it start the sentence?
A. It can, but it doesn't have to.
Q. Is it the same as deshalb?
A. No, deshalb is a connector, not a preposition.
Q. Can I use it in emails?
A. Yes, especially for professional or formal ones.
Q. Is it very common in speech?
A. No, it is mostly a written star.
Q. Should I learn it for B2?
A. Absolutely, it is a key B2 indicator.
Q. Is there a short version?
A. No, infolge is as short as it gets.
Reference Table
| Gender | Article Change | Noun Ending | Example Phrase |
|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | des | + (e)s | infolge des Streiks |
| Feminine |
der
|
(none) | infolge der Verspätung |
| Neutral | des | + (e)s | infolge des Unglücks |
| Plural |
der
|
(none) | infolge der Reformen |
| Plural (No Article) | von + Dative | + n (if applicable) | infolge von Fehlern |
The Domino Hook
Visualize a falling domino. The first tile is your Genitive noun, the second is the result. `infolge` is the push.
Avoid Dative Drift
In B2 exams, using Dative with `infolge` is a red flag. Always double-check that 'des' or 'der'.
The Dessen Shortcut
Use `infolge dessen` (consequently) to start a new sentence. It's a sophisticated way to link thoughts without repeating nouns.
Newspaper Speak
Germans love logical precision. Using `infolge` makes you sound like you read the 'Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung' for breakfast.
例文
8Infolge des starken Schneefalls wurde der Flughafen gesperrt.
Focus: Infolge des starken Schneefalls
As a result of the heavy snowfall, the airport was closed.
Basic cause-effect structure with masculine Genitive.
Die Firma machte infolge der Wirtschaftskrise hohe Verluste.
Focus: infolge der Wirtschaftskrise
The company made heavy losses as a result of the economic crisis.
Feminine Genitive used in a business context.
Infolge von Bauarbeiten kommt es zu Zugausfällen.
Focus: Infolge von Bauarbeiten
As a result of construction work, there are train cancellations.
Plural without article uses 'von' + Dative.
Infolge dessen musste der Termin verschoben werden.
Focus: Infolge dessen
As a result of that, the appointment had to be postponed.
Using the demonstrative pronoun 'dessen' for 'of that'.
Infolge des Regens blieb das Stadion leer.
Focus: Infolge des Regens
As a result of the rain, the stadium remained empty.
Correcting the common Dative mistake.
Infolge des Unfalls war die Autobahn gesperrt.
Focus: Infolge des Unfalls
As a result of the accident, the highway was closed.
Correcting a gender/case error (Unfall is masculine).
Infolge einer schweren Verletzung musste er seine Karriere beenden.
Focus: Infolge einer schweren Verletzung
As a result of a serious injury, he had to end his career.
Advanced usage with an indefinite article.
Die Preise stiegen infolge der erhöhten Nachfrage rasant an.
Focus: infolge der erhöhten Nachfrage
Prices rose rapidly as a result of increased demand.
Formal economic description.
自分をテスト
Fill in the correct Genitive form.
___ ___ (der Streik) fuhren keine Busse.
Streik is masculine, so it takes 'des' and adding an '-s' in the Genitive.
Choose the correct preposition for a formal report.
Das Gebäude stürzte ___ eines Erdbebens ein.
While 'wegen' works, 'infolge' is more precise for a direct physical consequence.
Identify the correct plural form without an article.
Es gab viele Probleme ___ ___ (Fehler).
When there is no article in the plural, we use 'von' + Dative.
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infolge vs. wegen
Choosing the Right Case
Is there a definite article?
Is the noun masculine/neutral?
Add -s or -es to the noun?
Where you see infolge
Business
- • Infolge der Fusion
- • Infolge des Gewinns
Nature
- • Infolge der Flut
- • Infolge der Hitze
よくある質問
21 問It means 'as a result of' or 'consequent to'. It describes a logical chain reaction where one event causes another.
Yes, it is high-register German. You'll mostly find it in writing, news, or formal speeches rather than casual chats.
It strictly takes the Genitive case. For example, infolge des Regens uses the masculine Genitive article and noun ending.
The word Folge means 'consequence'. So it literally means 'in consequence of' something that happened before.
Absolutely, it can. For example: 'Der Kurs wurde infolge der Pandemie abgesagt.' (The course was cancelled as a result of the pandemic.)
No, you don't need a comma if it's just a prepositional phrase. It follows the standard rules for prepositions.
Yes, but usually only with demonstrative ones. Infolge dessen (consequently) is a very common fixed phrase in formal German.
It's not better, just more specific. Use infolge when you want to emphasize the direct result of a previous event.
In professional emails, yes. It shows a high level of language competence when explaining delays or results.
Technically yes, but it often has a slightly negative or neutral 'matter-of-fact' tone. It's frequently used for accidents or crises.
If there's an article, use Genitive: infolge der Fehler. If there's no article, use infolge von Fehlern with the Dative.
Yes, it works with indefinite articles too. For example, infolge einer Krankheit (as a result of an illness).
This is the alternative used when the Genitive is not clearly visible. It is very common with plural nouns that lack articles.
infolge means 'because of' and comes before the noun. zufolge means 'according to' and usually follows the noun.
Rarely in daily life. If someone says it at a party, they are probably a professor or trying to be very ironic.
In a casual conversation, people will understand you. However, in a B2 exam, you will lose points for not using Genitive.
Usually it refers to things that have already happened or are happening. It describes the aftermath of an event.
Think of the 's' in 'infolge' as a hint for the '-s' ending in masculine Genitive: infolge des Sturms.
Yes, it is very close to 'due to' or 'consequent upon'. It's a bit more formal than 'because of'.
Yes, infolge dieses Vorfalls (as a result of this incident) is perfectly correct and very professional.
Yes! It is a great 'level up' word. It proves you can handle complex logic and the Genitive case correctly.
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