复杂
Involving a lot of different but related parts; difficult to understand. Used to describe issues, systems, or tasks in IELTS.
Examples
3 of 5这个机器的构造非常复杂。
The structure of this machine is very complex.
社会关系是一个复杂的系统。
Social relations are a complex system.
别把事情想得太复杂。
Don't think too complexly about things.
Word Family
Memory Tip
复 (multiple/repeat) + 杂 (mixed) = multiple things mixed together.
Quick Quiz
我们要用简单的方法处理___的问题。
Correct!
The correct answer is: 复杂
Examples
这个机器的构造非常复杂。
everydayThe structure of this machine is very complex.
社会关系是一个复杂的系统。
academicSocial relations are a complex system.
别把事情想得太复杂。
informalDon't think too complexly about things.
合同的条款非常复杂。
businessThe terms of the contract are very complex.
现代社会的经济形势十分复杂。
formalThe economic situation of modern society is very complex.
Word Family
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
复杂多变
complex and ever-changing
心情复杂
mixed feelings
复杂程度
degree of complexity
Often Confused With
'复杂' means something has many parts/layers, while '困难' simply means it is hard to do.
Usage Notes
Frequently used to describe social problems or scientific phenomena.
Common Mistakes
Avoid overusing it; if something is just 'hard', use '难'.
Memory Tip
复 (multiple/repeat) + 杂 (mixed) = multiple things mixed together.
Word Origin
Composed of 'multiple' and 'mixed/various'.
Grammar Patterns
Quick Quiz
我们要用简单的方法处理___的问题。
Correct!
The correct answer is: 复杂
Related Vocabulary
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损耗
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鉴别
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测定
B1To determine, measure, or test a value, quantity, or chemical property through scientific methods.
生存
B1The state or fact of continuing to live or exist, typically in spite of an accident, ordeal, or difficult circumstances.
微观
B1Relating to the small-scale or specific details of something. It is the opposite of macro, focusing on individual components or microscopic levels.
实验室
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预测
B1To say or estimate that a specified thing will happen in the future or will be a consequence of something. Common in data interpretation.
实证
B1Empirical proof or evidence; knowledge or verification based on observation and experiment rather than theory.
重叠
B1To cover part of the same area of space or time; to overlap. It can be used for physical objects or abstract concepts like schedules or roles.
频率
B1The rate at which something occurs or is repeated over a particular period of time. It is used in both scientific and everyday contexts.
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