复杂
Involving a lot of different but related parts; difficult to understand. Used to describe issues, systems, or tasks in IELTS.
Examples
3 of 5这个机器的构造非常复杂。
The structure of this machine is very complex.
社会关系是一个复杂的系统。
Social relations are a complex system.
别把事情想得太复杂。
Don't think too complexly about things.
Word Family
Memory Tip
复 (multiple/repeat) + 杂 (mixed) = multiple things mixed together.
Quick Quiz
我们要用简单的方法处理___的问题。
Correct!
The correct answer is: 复杂
Examples
这个机器的构造非常复杂。
everydayThe structure of this machine is very complex.
社会关系是一个复杂的系统。
academicSocial relations are a complex system.
别把事情想得太复杂。
informalDon't think too complexly about things.
合同的条款非常复杂。
businessThe terms of the contract are very complex.
现代社会的经济形势十分复杂。
formalThe economic situation of modern society is very complex.
Word Family
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
复杂多变
complex and ever-changing
心情复杂
mixed feelings
复杂程度
degree of complexity
Often Confused With
'复杂' means something has many parts/layers, while '困难' simply means it is hard to do.
Usage Notes
Frequently used to describe social problems or scientific phenomena.
Common Mistakes
Avoid overusing it; if something is just 'hard', use '难'.
Memory Tip
复 (multiple/repeat) + 杂 (mixed) = multiple things mixed together.
Word Origin
Composed of 'multiple' and 'mixed/various'.
Grammar Patterns
Quick Quiz
我们要用简单的方法处理___的问题。
Correct!
The correct answer is: 复杂
Related Vocabulary
More science words
现象
B1A fact or situation that is observed to exist or happen, especially one whose cause or explanation is in question. In academic tasks, it often refers to social or natural occurrences.
预测
B1To say or estimate that a specified thing will happen in the future or will be a consequence of something. Common in data interpretation.
逐渐
B1Happening or changing slowly over a period of time. It describes a steady, incremental process.
反应
B1A feeling, type of behavior, or physical process that happens as a result of something else. In science, it refers to chemical or physiological changes.
频率
B1The rate at which something occurs or is repeated over a particular period of time. It is used in both scientific and everyday contexts.
分类
B1To arrange a group of people or things in classes or categories according to shared qualities or characteristics.
证明
B1To show that something is true by providing facts, information, or logic. It can also refer to a formal document like a certificate.
实验
B1A scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.
假设
B1A supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation; to take something as true for the sake of argument.
验证
B1To prove that something is true or accurate by testing, examining, or using evidence.
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