競争

The process by which a solid, liquid, or gas forms a solution in a solvent. It specifically refers to a substance becoming incorporated into a liquid to create a homogeneous mixture.

凝固 (gyōko) refers to the physical process where a liquid changes into a solid state, typically due to cooling or a chemical reaction. It is most commonly used in scientific contexts like chemistry, geology, and medicine, such as describing blood clotting or the solidification of lava.

A solid material whose atoms are arranged in a regular, repeating pattern, commonly known as a crystal. It is also used metaphorically to describe the beautiful or tangible result of long-term hard work and effort.

An atom is the basic building block of all matter and the smallest unit of a chemical element. It consists of a dense central nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.

A chemical element, which is a fundamental substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. It refers to the basic building blocks of matter listed on the periodic table.

A substance made by combining two or more different materials without a chemical reaction occurring. It can be used in scientific contexts to describe chemical blends or in general contexts to describe a physical combination of items.

A solute is a substance that is dissolved in another substance (called a solvent) to create a solution. In a mixture like salt water, the salt is the solute because it is the part that gets dissolved.

A biological catalyst, usually a protein, that speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms. In Japanese culture, the term is frequently used in the context of health, digestion, and fermented foods.

Oxygen is a colorless, odorless gas that is essential for the respiration of almost all living things. It makes up about 21% of the Earth's atmosphere and is a fundamental element in chemistry and biology.

A chemical element (symbol Cl) that is a yellow-green gas with a strong smell. It is widely used for disinfecting swimming pools and tap water, as well as in cleaning products like bleach.