复杂
Complex
直訳: Double/Multiple + Mixed/Complicated
Use `复杂` when a situation, person, or object has too many layers to be simple.
15秒でわかる
- Use it for anything with many layers or confusing parts.
- Works for both physical objects and abstract feelings.
- Commonly paired with 'hěn' to mean 'very complicated'.
意味
Think of this as the ultimate word for anything that isn't simple. It describes situations, feelings, or objects that have too many layers or moving parts to understand easily.
主な例文
3 / 6Talking about a movie plot
这个电影的故事很复杂。
The story of this movie is very complex.
Discussing a work project
这个问题太复杂了，我们需要时间。
This problem is too complex; we need time.
Texting about a crush
我的心情很复杂。
My feelings are very complicated.
文化的背景
The term reflects a traditional Chinese appreciation for intricate systems, from silk weaving to philosophy. In modern slang, it is often used to describe the 'adult world' compared to the 'simple' life of a student. It gained more frequency as urban life and bureaucracy became more layered in the 20th century.
The 'Mixed Feelings' Hack
If you don't know how to describe your emotions, just say 'Wǒ xīnqíng hěn fùzá.' It sounds deep and saves you from explaining!
Not for 'Hard'
Don't use it for difficulty that just requires effort. Lifting a rock isn't 'fùzá,' it's just 'nán' (hard) or 'zhòng' (heavy).
15秒でわかる
- Use it for anything with many layers or confusing parts.
- Works for both physical objects and abstract feelings.
- Commonly paired with 'hěn' to mean 'very complicated'.
What It Means
复杂 (fùzá) is your go-to word for 'complex' or 'complicated.' It describes anything with many parts. It could be a math problem. It could be a messy breakup. It could be a city's subway map. If it makes your head spin, it is 复杂.
How To Use It
You can use it just like an adjective. Put it after 很 (hěn) to say something is 'very complex.' You can also put it before a noun. For example, 复杂的问题 means a complex problem. It is a very flexible word. You will hear it in the office and at home.
When To Use It
Use it when a situation has no easy answer. Use it for a movie plot with too many twists. It is perfect for describing a person's personality. If someone is hard to read, they are 复杂. Use it when explaining why a project is taking so long. It sounds professional and honest.
When NOT To Use It
Don't use it for physical weight. If a box is heavy, it is not 复杂. Don't use it for just being 'hard.' If a workout is physically tiring, use 累 (lèi). 复杂 is about the brain, not the muscles. Also, don't use it for a 'crowded' room. That is 拥挤 (yōngjǐ).
Cultural Background
In Chinese culture, being 复杂 isn't always bad. It can imply depth or sophistication. However, in social relationships, people often prefer 简单 (jiǎndān) or simple. Calling a relationship 复杂 usually means there is some drama involved. It suggests a web of connections that are hard to untangle.
Common Variations
You might hear 太复杂了 (tài fùzá le). This means 'it's too complicated!' It is a common complaint. Another one is 复杂化 (fùzáhuà). This means 'to complicate things.' Like when your friend adds 10 rules to a simple board game. We also use 心情复杂 for 'mixed feelings.'
使い方のコツ
It is a neutral adjective. It works perfectly with '很' (very) or '太...了' (too...). It can describe both physical structures and abstract concepts.
The 'Mixed Feelings' Hack
If you don't know how to describe your emotions, just say 'Wǒ xīnqíng hěn fùzá.' It sounds deep and saves you from explaining!
Not for 'Hard'
Don't use it for difficulty that just requires effort. Lifting a rock isn't 'fùzá,' it's just 'nán' (hard) or 'zhòng' (heavy).
The 'Simple' Opposite
In China, calling someone 'jiǎndān' (simple) can be a compliment (pure) or an insult (naive). 'Fùzá' is the same—it can mean sophisticated or untrustworthy.
例文
6这个电影的故事很复杂。
The story of this movie is very complex.
Describes a narrative with many subplots.
这个问题太复杂了，我们需要时间。
This problem is too complex; we need time.
Used to explain a delay professionally.
我的心情很复杂。
My feelings are very complicated.
A classic way to say you have 'mixed feelings.'
这里的路很复杂，我迷路了。
The roads here are complex; I'm lost.
Describes a physical layout that is confusing.
做个面条为什么要这么复杂？
Why does making noodles have to be so complicated?
Expressing frustration over unnecessary steps.
他是一个很复杂的人。
He is a very complex person.
Implies the person has many sides to their personality.
自分をテスト
Choose the best word to describe a difficult math equation with 100 steps.
这道数学题太 ___ 了。
Math problems with many steps are 'complex' (复杂), not 'big' or 'far'.
How do you say your feelings are mixed?
我的心情很 ___ 。
'心情复杂' is the standard set phrase for having mixed or complicated emotions.
🎉 スコア： /2
ビジュアル学習ツール
Formality of '复杂'
Complaining to friends about a game.
规则太复杂了！
Describing a situation or a book.
情况很复杂。
Analyzing a political or economic issue.
背景因素非常复杂。
When to use '复杂'
Emotions
Mixed feelings
Systems
Subway maps
Work
Legal contracts
Relationships
Love triangles
よくある質問
10 問Yes! Calling someone 复杂 means they have a deep or mysterious personality. It can be a compliment or a warning.
No. 困难 means difficult or hard to achieve. 复杂 means there are many parts or layers, which might make it difficult.
You can say 太复杂了 (tài fùzá le). This is very common when you are frustrated with a task.
Usually, we use it for the process of cooking (做法很复杂), not the taste itself. For taste, we'd say 'layers' of flavor.
It is neutral. You can use it in a scientific paper or while chatting with your mom about family drama.
The opposite is 简单 (jiǎndān), which means simple or easy.
Not really. For a messy room, use 乱 (luàn). 复杂 is for things that are logically or structurally intricate.
Very common. You'll hear about 复杂的程序 (complex procedures) or 复杂的情况 (complex situations) all the time.
It can. If a situation is 复杂, it usually means it's a headache to deal with.
Yes, a machine with many gears and parts is definitely 复杂.
関連フレーズ
简单
Simple / Easy
麻烦
Troublesome / Annoying
乱
Messy / Chaotic
难
Difficult
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