インフレ
A general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money. It is the shortened form of 'inflation' and is the standard term in both casual and professional Japanese.
Examples
3 of 5中央銀行はインフレを抑制するために利上げを決定した。
The central bank decided to raise interest rates to curb inflation.
インフレが続くと、現金の価値が相対的に下落する。
If inflation continues, the value of cash falls relatively.
最近のインフレのせいで、生活費が上がって大変だよ。
Because of recent inflation, the cost of living has gone up and it's tough.
Word Family
Memory Tip
Think of a balloon 'inflating' (prices getting bigger).
Quick Quiz
（ ）が進行すると、消費者の購買力が低下する。
Correct!
The correct answer is: インフレ
Examples
中央銀行はインフレを抑制するために利上げを決定した。
academicThe central bank decided to raise interest rates to curb inflation.
インフレが続くと、現金の価値が相対的に下落する。
formalIf inflation continues, the value of cash falls relatively.
最近のインフレのせいで、生活費が上がって大変だよ。
everydayBecause of recent inflation, the cost of living has gone up and it's tough.
インフレヘッジとして、不動産や金に投資する人が増えている。
businessMore people are investing in real estate and gold as an inflation hedge.
インフレでランチ代が高くなったね。
informalLunch got expensive due to inflation, didn't it?
Word Family
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
インフレが加速する
inflation accelerates
インフレに強い
resistant to inflation
インフレの波
wave of inflation
Often Confused With
A bubble (バブル) is an asset price spike, whereas inflation (インフレ) is a broad increase in the price of goods and services.
Usage Notes
Very common in IELTS Writing Task 1 (describing economic trends) and Task 2 (discussing social issues).
Common Mistakes
In formal academic writing, 'インフレーション' is sometimes used, but 'インフレ' is acceptable in almost all contexts.
Memory Tip
Think of a balloon 'inflating' (prices getting bigger).
Word Origin
Loanword from English 'inflation'.
Grammar Patterns
Cultural Context
Japan has faced long periods of deflation (デフレ), making recent inflation a major news topic.
Quick Quiz
（ ）が進行すると、消費者の購買力が低下する。
Correct!
The correct answer is: インフレ
Related Vocabulary
More economics words
停滞
B1A state of not flowing, moving, or developing; a stagnation in progress or economy.
波及
B2The spread or ripple effect of a phenomenon, event, or influence to other areas. It suggests a progressive impact.
分配
B2The act of dividing and sharing something among several people or groups. It often refers to the distribution of wealth, resources, or tasks.
不確実性
B2The state of being uncertain or the quality of not being able to be relied upon; often used in economic or scientific contexts to describe unpredictable future outcomes.
累積
B1The act of accumulating or the state of being accumulated over time. Often used for totals that grow steadily.
相殺
B2To cancel out an effect, value, or debt by balancing it with something of equal but opposite influence; to offset.
多大
B2Extremely large in amount, degree, or extent. It is a formal term often used to describe impacts, losses, or contributions.
概況
B2A general overview or the current state of affairs, especially regarding the economy or weather.
便益
B2The benefit, utility, or advantage that individuals or society gain from a service, product, or policy. Often used in formal cost-benefit analyses.
先進国
B2A sovereign state that has a high quality of life, a developed economy, and advanced technological infrastructure. These nations are typically contrasted with developing countries in academic discussions.
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