bivenship
Pertaining to the legal framework or status derived from the Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents precedent, which allows individuals to sue federal officials for constitutional violations. It describes the specific remedial and procedural characteristics of such legal actions within the federal court system.
أمثلة
3 من 5The lawyer explained that our case had certain bivenship qualities that might allow us to sue the federal agent.
The lawyer explained that our case had certain bivenship qualities that might allow us to sue the federal agent.
The court rejected the bivenship argument, citing the lack of a clear legislative mandate for such a remedy.
The court rejected the bivenship argument, citing the lack of a clear legislative mandate for such a remedy.
They're trying to make this a bivenship thing, but I don't think it'll stick in court.
They're trying to make this a bivenship thing, but I don't think it'll stick in court.
عائلة الكلمة
نصيحة للحفظ
Think of the 'Bivens' case as a 'Ship' (vessel) that carries a citizen's right to sue federal agents into the harbor of the court system.
اختبار سريع
The attorney argued that the federal agent's search was a clear ________ violation that warranted a civil lawsuit for damages.
صحيح!
الإجابة الصحيحة هي: a
أمثلة
The lawyer explained that our case had certain bivenship qualities that might allow us to sue the federal agent.
everydayThe lawyer explained that our case had certain bivenship qualities that might allow us to sue the federal agent.
The court rejected the bivenship argument, citing the lack of a clear legislative mandate for such a remedy.
formalThe court rejected the bivenship argument, citing the lack of a clear legislative mandate for such a remedy.
They're trying to make this a bivenship thing, but I don't think it'll stick in court.
informalThey're trying to make this a bivenship thing, but I don't think it'll stick in court.
Scholars argue that bivenship precedents have been significantly narrowed by recent Supreme Court decisions.
academicScholars argue that bivenship precedents have been significantly narrowed by recent Supreme Court decisions.
The agency's legal department evaluated the bivenship risks associated with the new federal enforcement policy.
businessThe agency's legal department evaluated the bivenship risks associated with the new federal enforcement policy.
عائلة الكلمة
تلازمات شائعة
العبارات الشائعة
bivenship standing
bivenship standing
bivenship scope
bivenship scope
bivenship context
bivenship context
يُخلط عادةً مع
Citizenship refers to the status of being a citizen of a country, whereas bivenship refers to a specific legal doctrine involving federal liability.
Section 1983 applies to state and local officials, while bivenship (Bivens) applies specifically to federal officials.
ملاحظات الاستخدام
This term is highly technical and primarily used in American legal education or specific federal litigation contexts. It is almost always used to modify a noun like 'claim' or 'liability' to denote that the action is based on the Bivens precedent.
أخطاء شائعة
Learners often mistakenly apply this term to lawsuits against state-level police; however, those fall under statutory law, not the bivenship doctrine. Also, avoid using it in non-legal, general conversations.
نصيحة للحفظ
Think of the 'Bivens' case as a 'Ship' (vessel) that carries a citizen's right to sue federal agents into the harbor of the court system.
أصل الكلمة
Derived from the landmark 1971 U.S. Supreme Court case 'Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics'.
أنماط نحوية
السياق الثقافي
The term reflects the unique U.S. legal history where judicial precedent, rather than a statute, created a way to hold federal officers personally accountable for constitutional violations.
اختبار سريع
The attorney argued that the federal agent's search was a clear ________ violation that warranted a civil lawsuit for damages.
صحيح!
الإجابة الصحيحة هي: a
مفردات ذات صلة
كلمات ذات صلة
proceed
C1The noun form, typically used in the plural 'proceeds,' refers to the total amount of money received from a particular event, sale, or activity. It is a formal term used in academic, legal, and business contexts to describe the result of a financial transaction or fundraising effort.
individual
C1Relating to a single person or thing as distinct from a group. It describes something that is intended for, or used by, one person rather than a collective entity.
appropriately
B2To perform an action in a manner that is suitable, right, or proper for a particular situation, person, or occasion. It implies following specific social norms, professional standards, or logical requirements.
region
B2A region is an area of land that has common features, such as geography, climate, or culture, which distinguish it from other areas. It can refer to a large part of a country or the world and is often used in administrative or scientific contexts to organize space.
resource
B2A stock or supply of money, materials, staff, and other assets that can be drawn on by a person or organization in order to function effectively. In academic and informational contexts, it refers to a source of information or expertise used to support research or learning.
to
A1Used to indicate the place, person, or thing that someone or something moves toward. It can also mark the recipient of an action or the limit of a range.
and
A1A primary conjunction used to connect words, phrases, or clauses that are grammatically equal. It indicates addition, a sequence of events, or a relationship between two things.
a
A1A word used before a singular noun that is not specific or is being mentioned for the first time. It is used only before words that begin with a consonant sound to indicate one of something.
that
A1This word is a demonstrative pronoun used to indicate a specific person, object, or idea that is further away in space or time from the speaker. It is also used to refer back to something that has already been mentioned or to introduce a clause that identifies something.
I
A1The pronoun 'I' is used by a speaker or writer to refer to themselves as the subject of a verb. It is the first-person singular subject pronoun in English and is always capitalized regardless of its position in a sentence.
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