bivenship
Pertaining to the legal framework or status derived from the Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents precedent, which allows individuals to sue federal officials for constitutional violations. It describes the specific remedial and procedural characteristics of such legal actions within the federal court system.
例句
3 / 5The lawyer explained that our case had certain bivenship qualities that might allow us to sue the federal agent.
The lawyer explained that our case had certain bivenship qualities that might allow us to sue the federal agent.
The court rejected the bivenship argument, citing the lack of a clear legislative mandate for such a remedy.
The court rejected the bivenship argument, citing the lack of a clear legislative mandate for such a remedy.
They're trying to make this a bivenship thing, but I don't think it'll stick in court.
They're trying to make this a bivenship thing, but I don't think it'll stick in court.
词族
记忆技巧
Think of the 'Bivens' case as a 'Ship' (vessel) that carries a citizen's right to sue federal agents into the harbor of the court system.
快速测验
The attorney argued that the federal agent's search was a clear ________ violation that warranted a civil lawsuit for damages.
正确!
正确答案是: a
例句
The lawyer explained that our case had certain bivenship qualities that might allow us to sue the federal agent.
everydayThe lawyer explained that our case had certain bivenship qualities that might allow us to sue the federal agent.
The court rejected the bivenship argument, citing the lack of a clear legislative mandate for such a remedy.
formalThe court rejected the bivenship argument, citing the lack of a clear legislative mandate for such a remedy.
They're trying to make this a bivenship thing, but I don't think it'll stick in court.
informalThey're trying to make this a bivenship thing, but I don't think it'll stick in court.
Scholars argue that bivenship precedents have been significantly narrowed by recent Supreme Court decisions.
academicScholars argue that bivenship precedents have been significantly narrowed by recent Supreme Court decisions.
The agency's legal department evaluated the bivenship risks associated with the new federal enforcement policy.
businessThe agency's legal department evaluated the bivenship risks associated with the new federal enforcement policy.
词族
常见搭配
常用短语
bivenship standing
bivenship standing
bivenship scope
bivenship scope
bivenship context
bivenship context
容易混淆的词
Citizenship refers to the status of being a citizen of a country, whereas bivenship refers to a specific legal doctrine involving federal liability.
Section 1983 applies to state and local officials, while bivenship (Bivens) applies specifically to federal officials.
使用说明
This term is highly technical and primarily used in American legal education or specific federal litigation contexts. It is almost always used to modify a noun like 'claim' or 'liability' to denote that the action is based on the Bivens precedent.
常见错误
Learners often mistakenly apply this term to lawsuits against state-level police; however, those fall under statutory law, not the bivenship doctrine. Also, avoid using it in non-legal, general conversations.
记忆技巧
Think of the 'Bivens' case as a 'Ship' (vessel) that carries a citizen's right to sue federal agents into the harbor of the court system.
词源
Derived from the landmark 1971 U.S. Supreme Court case 'Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics'.
语法模式
文化背景
The term reflects the unique U.S. legal history where judicial precedent, rather than a statute, created a way to hold federal officers personally accountable for constitutional violations.
快速测验
The attorney argued that the federal agent's search was a clear ________ violation that warranted a civil lawsuit for damages.
正确!
正确答案是: a
相关词汇
相关词
pale
A1Describes something that has very little color or is much lighter than usual. It is often used to describe a person's face when they are ill or a color that is mixed with a lot of white.
lung
A1The lungs are two organs inside your chest that you use to breathe. They bring oxygen into your body and remove carbon dioxide when you breathe out.
tropical
A1Relating to the hot regions of the Earth near the equator. It describes weather that is very warm and wet, or plants and animals that come from these areas.
trader
A1A trader is a person whose job is to buy and sell goods, stocks, or other items for profit. They can work in a small local market or on large international financial exchanges.
indoor
A1Describes something that is located, happens, or is used inside a building rather than outside. It is an adjective used before a noun to talk about activities or objects protected from the weather.
threshold
A1A threshold is the physical area at the bottom of a doorway that you step over to enter a room or building. It also refers to the level or point at which something starts to happen or changes.
tribute
A1A tribute is something that you say, do, or give to show your respect and admiration for someone. It is often a public act used to honor a person's life, work, or memory.
elder
A1Used to describe a person who is older than another, especially within a family. It is also used to refer to people who have a high status or more experience because of their age.
russian
A1Relating to Russia, its people, its language, or its culture. It describes things that come from or are connected to the largest country in the world.
southeastern
A1Located in or coming from the direction between south and east. It describes a place, a region, or a wind that is in the corner between the bottom and the right on a map.
评论 (0)
登录后评论免费开始学习语言
免费开始学习