chromosome
A thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. In humans, each cell normally contains 23 pairs of these structures which determine hereditary characteristics.
例文
3 / 5The doctor explained that a baby inherits one chromosome from each pair from each parent.
The doctor explained that a baby inherits one chromosome from each pair from each parent.
Recent breakthroughs in genomic sequencing have allowed for a more detailed mapping of the human chromosome.
Recent breakthroughs in genomic sequencing have allowed for a more detailed mapping of the human chromosome.
I guess I can blame my messy hair on my chromosomes!
I guess I can blame my messy hair on my chromosomes!
語族
覚え方のコツ
Think of 'Chrome' (color) and 'Soma' (body). Scientists named them 'colored bodies' because they are the parts of the cell that soak up colorful dyes in a lab.
クイックテスト
Humans usually have two ________ that determine their biological sex: X and Y.
正解！
正解は： chromosomes
例文
The doctor explained that a baby inherits one chromosome from each pair from each parent.
everydayThe doctor explained that a baby inherits one chromosome from each pair from each parent.
Recent breakthroughs in genomic sequencing have allowed for a more detailed mapping of the human chromosome.
formalRecent breakthroughs in genomic sequencing have allowed for a more detailed mapping of the human chromosome.
I guess I can blame my messy hair on my chromosomes!
informalI guess I can blame my messy hair on my chromosomes!
During mitosis, the chromosomes condense and become visible under a light microscope.
academicDuring mitosis, the chromosomes condense and become visible under a light microscope.
Our biotech startup is focusing on identifying markers on the Y chromosome for personalized medicine.
businessOur biotech startup is focusing on identifying markers on the Y chromosome for personalized medicine.
語族
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
X chromosome
X chromosome
Y chromosome
Y chromosome
chromosome count
chromosome count
よく混同される語
A gene is a specific segment of DNA, whereas a chromosome is the entire structure that contains many genes.
Chromatin is the material that makes up a chromosome; a chromosome is the condensed, organized shape of that material.
使い方のコツ
The word is almost exclusively used in biological, medical, and scientific contexts. It is a countable noun and is most frequently used in the plural when discussing genetics generally.
よくある間違い
Learners often use 'gene' and 'chromosome' interchangeably, but remember that a chromosome is the 'bookshelf' and a gene is a single 'book' on that shelf.
覚え方のコツ
Think of 'Chrome' (color) and 'Soma' (body). Scientists named them 'colored bodies' because they are the parts of the cell that soak up colorful dyes in a lab.
語源
Coined in the late 19th century from the Greek words 'khrōma' (color) and 'sōma' (body).
文法パターン
文化的な背景
In modern society, chromosomes are often discussed in relation to identity, gender (X/Y), and genetic testing services like 23andMe.
クイックテスト
Humans usually have two ________ that determine their biological sex: X and Y.
正解！
正解は： chromosomes
関連語彙
関連単語
unknown
A1A person or thing that is not known, recognized, or familiar. It often refers to a mysterious situation or a person who has not yet achieved fame or success.
of
A1A preposition used to show a relationship between a part and a whole, or to indicate belonging and origin. It connects a noun or pronoun to another part of the sentence to specify which one or what kind.
in
A1A preposition used to indicate position within a container, a space, an area, or a period of time. It describes being surrounded by something or being inside the boundaries of a location.
it
A1A third-person singular pronoun used to refer to an object, animal, or situation that has already been mentioned or is clear from context. It is also frequently used as a dummy subject to talk about time, weather, or distance.
on
A1A preposition used to indicate that something is in a position above and supported by a surface. It is also used to indicate a specific day or date, or to show that a device is functioning.
as
A1A conjunction used to compare two things that are equal in some way. It is most commonly used in the pattern 'as + adjective/adverb + as' to show similarity.
this
A1Used to identify a specific person, thing, or idea that is physically close to the speaker or has just been mentioned. It can also refer to the present time or a situation that is currently happening.
by
A1A preposition used to show the method or means of doing something, or to identify the person or thing that performs an action. It frequently appears in passive sentences to indicate the agent or before modes of transport.
we
A1The word 'we' is a first-person plural pronoun used to refer to the speaker and one or more other people collectively. It is used as the subject of a sentence or clause.
or
A1A coordinating conjunction used to connect two or more possibilities or alternatives. it indicates that only one of the options is likely, required, or true.
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