B2 verb 중립

chromosome

/ˈkroʊ.mə.soʊm/

A thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. In humans, each cell normally contains 23 pairs of these structures which determine hereditary characteristics.

예시

3 / 5
1

The doctor explained that a baby inherits one chromosome from each pair from each parent.

The doctor explained that a baby inherits one chromosome from each pair from each parent.

2

Recent breakthroughs in genomic sequencing have allowed for a more detailed mapping of the human chromosome.

Recent breakthroughs in genomic sequencing have allowed for a more detailed mapping of the human chromosome.

3

I guess I can blame my messy hair on my chromosomes!

I guess I can blame my messy hair on my chromosomes!

어휘 가족

명사
chromosome
부사
chromosomally
형용사
chromosomal
관련
chromatin
💡

암기 팁

Think of 'Chrome' (color) and 'Soma' (body). Scientists named them 'colored bodies' because they are the parts of the cell that soak up colorful dyes in a lab.

빠른 퀴즈

Humans usually have two ________ that determine their biological sex: X and Y.

정답!

정답은: chromosomes

예시

1

The doctor explained that a baby inherits one chromosome from each pair from each parent.

everyday

The doctor explained that a baby inherits one chromosome from each pair from each parent.

2

Recent breakthroughs in genomic sequencing have allowed for a more detailed mapping of the human chromosome.

formal

Recent breakthroughs in genomic sequencing have allowed for a more detailed mapping of the human chromosome.

3

I guess I can blame my messy hair on my chromosomes!

informal

I guess I can blame my messy hair on my chromosomes!

4

During mitosis, the chromosomes condense and become visible under a light microscope.

academic

During mitosis, the chromosomes condense and become visible under a light microscope.

5

Our biotech startup is focusing on identifying markers on the Y chromosome for personalized medicine.

business

Our biotech startup is focusing on identifying markers on the Y chromosome for personalized medicine.

어휘 가족

명사
chromosome
부사
chromosomally
형용사
chromosomal
관련
chromatin

자주 쓰는 조합

sex chromosome sex chromosome
chromosome abnormality chromosome abnormality
homologous chromosome homologous chromosome
chromosome mapping chromosome mapping
extra chromosome extra chromosome

자주 쓰는 구문

X chromosome

X chromosome

Y chromosome

Y chromosome

chromosome count

chromosome count

자주 혼동되는 단어

chromosome vs gene

A gene is a specific segment of DNA, whereas a chromosome is the entire structure that contains many genes.

chromosome vs chromatin

Chromatin is the material that makes up a chromosome; a chromosome is the condensed, organized shape of that material.

📝

사용 참고사항

The word is almost exclusively used in biological, medical, and scientific contexts. It is a countable noun and is most frequently used in the plural when discussing genetics generally.

⚠️

자주 하는 실수

Learners often use 'gene' and 'chromosome' interchangeably, but remember that a chromosome is the 'bookshelf' and a gene is a single 'book' on that shelf.

💡

암기 팁

Think of 'Chrome' (color) and 'Soma' (body). Scientists named them 'colored bodies' because they are the parts of the cell that soak up colorful dyes in a lab.

📖

어원

Coined in the late 19th century from the Greek words 'khrōma' (color) and 'sōma' (body).

문법 패턴

countable noun plural: chromosomes often follows adjectives like 'sex', 'human', or 'homologous'
🌍

문화적 맥락

In modern society, chromosomes are often discussed in relation to identity, gender (X/Y), and genetic testing services like 23andMe.

빠른 퀴즈

Humans usually have two ________ that determine their biological sex: X and Y.

정답!

정답은: chromosomes

관련 단어

sit

A1

To rest your body on your bottom with your back upright, typically on a chair or the floor. It describes both the action of moving into this position and the state of being in it.

stand

A1

To be in an upright position supported by one's feet rather than sitting or lying down. It also refers to the physical location of an object or a person's particular opinion on a subject.

pay

A1

To give money to someone in exchange for goods, services, or to settle a debt. It can also mean to give something non-monetary, such as attention or a compliment.

meet

A1

To come together with someone at a specific place and time, or to be introduced to someone for the first time. It can also mean to satisfy a requirement, standard, or need.

continue

A1

To keep doing something or to stay in the same state without stopping. It can also mean to start an activity again after a short break.

set

A1

To put or place something in a specific position or location. It also means to adjust or prepare something so that it is ready for use, such as a clock or a table.

learn

A1

To gain knowledge, understanding, or a skill by studying, practicing, or being taught. It refers to the process of acquiring information through experience or education.

lead

A1

To go in front of a group of people to show them the way to a place. It also means to be in control of a group, a team, or an activity.

understand

A1

To know the meaning of what someone is saying or how something works. It involves grasping an idea, a language, or a situation clearly in your mind.

follow

A1

To move behind someone or something in the same direction. It also means to obey rules, instructions, or to understand the logic of an argument or story.

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