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To perform a scientific test or investigation to discover new information or test a hypothesis. It involves observing effects under controlled conditions.

A specific quantity or amount used as a standard of measurement. It can also refer to a basic component or group within a larger organization.

To disappear or cease to exist, often used for languages, species, or legal rights.

To break down a whole into its parts, or to decompose chemically.

To select or sort out specific things from a group based on certain criteria.

The space between two objects or points, or the period of time between two events.

The ability of an organism, organization, or system to survive, grow, or sustain itself independently without external help.

The individual parts or elements that make up a whole system, object, or concept.

The innate characteristics, properties, or nature of a substance, person, or phenomenon. It describes how something behaves or its fundamental makeup.

A physical representation or a theoretical structure used as a pattern for something to be made or to explain how something works. It is often a simplified version of a complex system.