C1 verb Formal

bibliography

/ˌbɪbliˈɒɡrəfi/

A systematic list of books, articles, and other sources used or referred to by an author in a scholarly work. It provides complete publication details for every source cited within the text and allows readers to locate these materials for further study.

Examples

3 of 5
1

I found a great list of secondary sources in the back of the book's bibliography.

I found a great list of secondary sources in the back of the book's reference list.

2

The scholar's exhaustive bibliography reflects years of meticulous archival research.

The scholar's complete list of references shows years of careful research in archives.

3

Make sure your bibliography is in alphabetical order before you submit the essay.

Ensure your list of sources is alphabetized before handing in the paper.

Word Family

Noun
bibliography
Verb
bibliographize
Adverb
bibliographically
Adjective
bibliographic
Related
bibliographer
💡

Memory Tip

Remember 'biblio' means book (like Bible) and 'graphy' means writing or drawing. So, it is the 'writing of a book list'.

Quick Quiz

The professor asked for an annotated ______ so that he could evaluate the quality of our research sources.

Correct!

The correct answer is: a

Examples

1

I found a great list of secondary sources in the back of the book's bibliography.

everyday

I found a great list of secondary sources in the back of the book's reference list.

2

The scholar's exhaustive bibliography reflects years of meticulous archival research.

formal

The scholar's complete list of references shows years of careful research in archives.

3

Make sure your bibliography is in alphabetical order before you submit the essay.

informal

Ensure your list of sources is alphabetized before handing in the paper.

4

Students are required to provide an annotated bibliography explaining the relevance of each source.

academic

Students must provide a reference list with notes explaining why each source is important.

5

The white paper included a bibliography of industry reports to support its market projections.

business

The official report included a list of sources to back up its predictions for the market.

Word Family

Noun
bibliography
Verb
bibliographize
Adverb
bibliographically
Adjective
bibliographic
Related
bibliographer

Common Collocations

annotated bibliography a list of citations followed by descriptive and evaluative paragraphs
comprehensive bibliography a complete and detailed list of all relevant sources
compile a bibliography to gather and organize a list of references
select bibliography a list of only the most important or relevant sources
working bibliography a preliminary list of sources used during the research process

Common Phrases

as cited in the bibliography

referring to a source listed in the reference section

extensive bibliography

a very long and thorough list of sources

primary bibliography

a list focused on original works by a specific author

Often Confused With

bibliography vs biography

A biography is the story of a person's life, whereas a bibliography is a list of written sources.

bibliography vs discography

A discography is a list of sound recordings, while a bibliography focuses on printed or written texts.

📝

Usage Notes

The term is almost exclusively used in academic, literary, or technical writing. In modern style guides like APA, it is often replaced by the heading 'References' or 'Works Cited'.

⚠️

Common Mistakes

Learners often misspell it as 'bibiliography' or confuse it with 'biography'. It should always be used as a noun, although the prompt listed it as a verb, standard usage is nominal.

💡

Memory Tip

Remember 'biblio' means book (like Bible) and 'graphy' means writing or drawing. So, it is the 'writing of a book list'.

📖

Word Origin

From the Greek words 'biblion' (book) and 'graphein' (to write).

Grammar Patterns

Countable noun Plural: bibliographies Often follows adjectives like 'annotated', 'exhaustive', or 'selected'
🌍

Cultural Context

In Western academic culture, a bibliography is a critical tool for preventing plagiarism and ensuring intellectual honesty.

Quick Quiz

The professor asked for an annotated ______ so that he could evaluate the quality of our research sources.

Correct!

The correct answer is: a

Related Words

to

A1

Used to indicate the place, person, or thing that someone or something moves toward. It can also mark the recipient of an action or the limit of a range.

and

A1

A primary conjunction used to connect words, phrases, or clauses that are grammatically equal. It indicates addition, a sequence of events, or a relationship between two things.

a

A1

A word used before a singular noun that is not specific or is being mentioned for the first time. It is used only before words that begin with a consonant sound to indicate one of something.

that

A1

This word is a demonstrative pronoun used to indicate a specific person, object, or idea that is further away in space or time from the speaker. It is also used to refer back to something that has already been mentioned or to introduce a clause that identifies something.

I

A1

The pronoun 'I' is used by a speaker or writer to refer to themselves as the subject of a verb. It is the first-person singular subject pronoun in English and is always capitalized regardless of its position in a sentence.

for

A1

Used to show who is intended to have or use something, or to explain the purpose or reason for an action. It is also frequently used to indicate a specific duration of time.

not

A1

A function word used to express negation or denial. It is primarily used to make a sentence or phrase negative, often following an auxiliary verb or the verb 'to be'.

with

A1

A preposition used to indicate that people or things are together, in the same place, or performing an action together. It can also describe the instrument used to perform an action or a characteristic that someone or something has.

he

A1

A pronoun used to refer to a male person or animal that has already been mentioned or is easily identified. It functions as the subject of a sentence.

you

A1

Used to refer to the person or people that the speaker is addressing. It is the second-person pronoun used for both singular and plural subjects and objects.

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