C1 verb رسمی

bibliography

/ˌbɪbliˈɒɡrəfi/

A systematic list of books, articles, and other sources used or referred to by an author in a scholarly work. It provides complete publication details for every source cited within the text and allows readers to locate these materials for further study.

مثال‌ها

3 از 5
1

I found a great list of secondary sources in the back of the book's bibliography.

I found a great list of secondary sources in the back of the book's reference list.

2

The scholar's exhaustive bibliography reflects years of meticulous archival research.

The scholar's complete list of references shows years of careful research in archives.

3

Make sure your bibliography is in alphabetical order before you submit the essay.

Ensure your list of sources is alphabetized before handing in the paper.

خانواده کلمه

اسم
bibliography
Verb
bibliographize
قید
bibliographically
صفت
bibliographic
مرتبط
bibliographer
💡

راهنمای حفظ

Remember 'biblio' means book (like Bible) and 'graphy' means writing or drawing. So, it is the 'writing of a book list'.

آزمون سریع

The professor asked for an annotated ______ so that he could evaluate the quality of our research sources.

درسته!

پاسخ صحیح این است: a

مثال‌ها

1

I found a great list of secondary sources in the back of the book's bibliography.

everyday

I found a great list of secondary sources in the back of the book's reference list.

2

The scholar's exhaustive bibliography reflects years of meticulous archival research.

formal

The scholar's complete list of references shows years of careful research in archives.

3

Make sure your bibliography is in alphabetical order before you submit the essay.

informal

Ensure your list of sources is alphabetized before handing in the paper.

4

Students are required to provide an annotated bibliography explaining the relevance of each source.

academic

Students must provide a reference list with notes explaining why each source is important.

5

The white paper included a bibliography of industry reports to support its market projections.

business

The official report included a list of sources to back up its predictions for the market.

خانواده کلمه

اسم
bibliography
Verb
bibliographize
قید
bibliographically
صفت
bibliographic
مرتبط
bibliographer

ترکیب‌های رایج

annotated bibliography a list of citations followed by descriptive and evaluative paragraphs
comprehensive bibliography a complete and detailed list of all relevant sources
compile a bibliography to gather and organize a list of references
select bibliography a list of only the most important or relevant sources
working bibliography a preliminary list of sources used during the research process

عبارات رایج

as cited in the bibliography

referring to a source listed in the reference section

extensive bibliography

a very long and thorough list of sources

primary bibliography

a list focused on original works by a specific author

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

bibliography vs biography

A biography is the story of a person's life, whereas a bibliography is a list of written sources.

bibliography vs discography

A discography is a list of sound recordings, while a bibliography focuses on printed or written texts.

📝

نکات کاربردی

The term is almost exclusively used in academic, literary, or technical writing. In modern style guides like APA, it is often replaced by the heading 'References' or 'Works Cited'.

⚠️

اشتباهات رایج

Learners often misspell it as 'bibiliography' or confuse it with 'biography'. It should always be used as a noun, although the prompt listed it as a verb, standard usage is nominal.

💡

راهنمای حفظ

Remember 'biblio' means book (like Bible) and 'graphy' means writing or drawing. So, it is the 'writing of a book list'.

📖

ریشه کلمه

From the Greek words 'biblion' (book) and 'graphein' (to write).

الگوهای دستوری

Countable noun Plural: bibliographies Often follows adjectives like 'annotated', 'exhaustive', or 'selected'
🌍

بافت فرهنگی

In Western academic culture, a bibliography is a critical tool for preventing plagiarism and ensuring intellectual honesty.

آزمون سریع

The professor asked for an annotated ______ so that he could evaluate the quality of our research sources.

درسته!

پاسخ صحیح این است: a

لغات مرتبط

bluster

C1

Bluster refers to loud, aggressive, or indignant talk that carries little sting or power and is often intended to intimidate. It suggests a noisy way of speaking that lacks substance or the actual ability to carry out threats.

bogus

C1

Describes something that is not genuine, counterfeit, or intentionally fraudulent. It is often used in academic and legal contexts to refer to claims, documents, or entities that have been fabricated to deceive others.

boisterous

C1

Describes someone or something that is noisy, energetic, and cheerful, often in a way that is slightly out of control. It is frequently used for groups of people, activities, or natural forces like wind and waves.

bombard

C1

To attack or subject someone or something to a continuous flow of objects, questions, or information. In academic and scientific contexts, it specifically refers to directing a stream of particles or radiation at a substance to induce a reaction.

bombastic

C1

Describing speech, writing, or behavior that is high-sounding and inflated but with little actual meaning or substance. It is typically used to criticize someone for being pretentious and trying to sound more important or knowledgeable than they truly are.

bondage

C1

Bondage refers to the state of being under the control of another person or system, characterized by a lack of freedom or involuntary servitude. In an academic context, it encompasses legal, social, and economic structures, such as slavery or debt peonage, that restrict an individual's autonomy.

boon

C1

A boon is a timely benefit or blessing that is extremely helpful in a particular situation. It refers to something that makes life easier or provides a significant advantage when most needed.

boorish

C1

Describes behavior that is rough, unrefined, and ill-mannered, typically lacking sensitivity or social grace. It suggests a lack of education or cultural sophistication in social interactions.

bootstrap

C1

To start or develop a process or business using minimal external resources, often relying on existing internal assets or self-funding. In computing and statistics, it refers to a self-starting process that executes without external input or a technique for estimation through resampling.

bounty

C1

A bounty is a generous gift or a reward offered for a specific task, such as the capture of a criminal. It also frequently refers to an abundance or plentiful supply of something, particularly food or natural resources.

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