B1 noun Formal

参考文献

/tsʰan˥ kʰaʊ˨˩˦ wən˧˥ ɕjɛn˥˩/

A list of books, articles, and other sources that a writer has used or referred to in an academic work.

Examples

3 of 5
1

我需要查找更多的参考文献。

I need to find more references.

2

参考文献的格式必须符合规定。

The format of the bibliography must comply with regulations.

3

你的参考文献写得太少了。

Your list of references is too short.

Word Family

Noun
参考文献
Verb
参考
💡

Memory Tip

参考 (reference) + 文献 (literature/document). Documents for reference.

Quick Quiz

在学术论文中,必须准确标注___。

Correct!

The correct answer is: 参考文献

Examples

1

我需要查找更多的参考文献。

everyday

I need to find more references.

2

参考文献的格式必须符合规定。

formal

The format of the bibliography must comply with regulations.

3

你的参考文献写得太少了。

informal

Your list of references is too short.

4

本文引用了多篇国外核心期刊的参考文献。

academic

This article cites several references from foreign core journals.

5

这份商业报告附带了详细的参考文献。

business

This business report is accompanied by detailed references.

Word Family

Noun
参考文献
Verb
参考

Common Collocations

列出参考文献 to list references
查阅参考文献 to consult references
参考文献格式 reference format
主要的参考文献 main references
引用参考文献 to cite references

Common Phrases

参考文献索引

reference index

英文参考文献

English references

参考文献规范

reference standard

Often Confused With

参考文献 vs 资料

资料 is general 'data' or 'information', while 参考文献 is specifically a list of formal sources cited.

📝

Usage Notes

Essential for academic writing. It specifically refers to the list found at the end of a paper.

⚠️

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes forget the plural sense; it usually refers to a whole list, not just one book.

💡

Memory Tip

参考 (reference) + 文献 (literature/document). Documents for reference.

📖

Word Origin

参考 (consult/refer), 文献 (literature/documents).

Grammar Patterns

列出 + 参考文献 根据 + 参考文献

Quick Quiz

在学术论文中,必须准确标注___。

Correct!

The correct answer is: 参考文献

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