公務員
A public servant or civil servant who works for the government or a local public body. This category includes people working in city halls, police officers, and teachers at public schools.
Exemples
3 sur 5私は将来、公務員になりたいです。
I want to be a civil servant in the future.
彼は国家公務員として財務省に勤務しております。
He is working for the Ministry of Finance as a national public servant.
お父さん、公務員なの？
Is your dad a civil servant?
Famille de mots
Astuce mémo
Think of the Kanji: 公 (Public) + 務 (Duty) + 員 (Member). A 'Public Duty Member'.
Quiz rapide
私の姉は市役所で働いている（ ）です。
Correct !
La bonne réponse est : 公務員
Exemples
私は将来、公務員になりたいです。
everydayI want to be a civil servant in the future.
彼は国家公務員として財務省に勤務しております。
formalHe is working for the Ministry of Finance as a national public servant.
お父さん、公務員なの？
informalIs your dad a civil servant?
公務員の数は法律によって制限されています。
academicThe number of public servants is limited by law.
弊社は多くの公務員とプロジェクトを行っています。
businessOur company is conducting projects with many government officials.
Famille de mots
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
公務執行妨害
obstruction of performance of official duties
特別職公務員
special category public servant
公務員法
Public Service Act
Souvent confondu avec
A 'kaishain' works for a private company, while a 'kōmuin' works for the government.
A 'seijika' (politician) is elected, whereas a 'kōmuin' is usually hired through exams or merit.
Notes d'usage
The term is broad and covers everyone from high-ranking diplomats to local trash collectors, provided they are employed by the government. In Japan, it is a very popular career choice because it is considered very stable.
Erreurs courantes
Learners often use specific job titles like 'teacher' or 'police officer' correctly but forget that these professionals are collectively referred to as 'kōmuin' when discussing their employment status.
Astuce mémo
Think of the Kanji: 公 (Public) + 務 (Duty) + 員 (Member). A 'Public Duty Member'.
Origine du mot
A Sino-Japanese compound (Kango) consisting of 'kōmu' (public affairs) and the suffix 'in' (person/member).
Modèles grammaticaux
Contexte culturel
In Japan, 'kōmuin' are often nicknamed 'stable' (antei) because they rarely lose their jobs and receive consistent bonuses, making them highly desirable marriage partners.
Quiz rapide
私の姉は市役所で働いている（ ）です。
Correct !
La bonne réponse est : 公務員
Vocabulaire associé
Mots lis
臆病
A1Describes a person who is easily frightened, lacks courage, or is excessively timid. It is frequently used to describe a character trait where someone avoids risks or scary situations.
世間
A1Refers to 'the world' in a social sense, specifically society or the public eye. It describes the people around you and the general environment of human relationships and social reputation.
国家
A1A formal term referring to a country as a sovereign political entity or 'the state'. It describes a nation in terms of its government, borders, and legal system rather than just a geographical place.
慣習
A1Kanshuu refers to long-standing social customs, traditions, or unwritten rules that a group of people or a society follows. It describes practices that have become standard over time, often used in social, legal, or business contexts to describe 'the way things are done.'
握手
A1握手 (Akushu) refers to the act of two people grasping each other's hands, typically as a greeting, a sign of agreement, or a gesture of reconciliation. It is commonly used both in formal business settings and in everyday social interactions to show mutual respect or friendship.
世間話
A1Refers to casual conversation or 'small talk' about everyday life, news, or general topics. It is used to build social connections and fill silence in a friendly way without focusing on a specific or serious goal.
口論
A1A verbal dispute or argument between individuals involving a clash of opinions or emotions. It specifically refers to a 'war of words' rather than a physical fight or a formal academic debate.
対立
A1A state of opposition or confrontation between two parties with differing opinions, interests, or positions. It describes a situation where two forces or ideas stand against each other in a stalemate or conflict.
抗争
A1A serious struggle or conflict between opposing groups, factions, or organizations. It often implies a prolonged period of resistance, power struggles, or violent feuding.
平和
A1A state of harmony and the absence of conflict, war, or disturbance. It is used to describe both global stability between nations and a quiet, tranquil personal lifestyle or environment.
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