A1 noun Neutre #3,109 le plus courant

義務

gimu /ɡimɯ/

A social, legal, or moral responsibility that an individual is required to fulfill. It refers to actions one must take due to laws, rules, or ethical standards rather than personal choice.

Exemples

3 sur 5
1

学生には勉強する義務があります。

Students have an obligation to study.

2

会社は従業員の安全を守る義務を負っています。

The company bears the obligation to protect the safety of its employees.

3

これは義務じゃないから、やりたくなかったらいいよ。

This isn't a duty, so if you don't want to do it, it's fine.

Famille de mots

Nom
義務
Verb
義務づける
Adverbe
義務的に
Adjectif
義務的
Apparenté
義務感
💡

Astuce mémo

The first kanji 義 means 'justice' or 'righteousness,' and the second 務 means 'task' or 'work.' Think of it as the 'work you must do for justice.'

Quiz rapide

日本では、9年間の( )教育が定められています。

Correct !

La bonne réponse est : 義務

Exemples

1

学生には勉強する義務があります。

everyday

Students have an obligation to study.

2

会社は従業員の安全を守る義務を負っています。

formal

The company bears the obligation to protect the safety of its employees.

3

これは義務じゃないから、やりたくなかったらいいよ。

informal

This isn't a duty, so if you don't want to do it, it's fine.

4

日本国憲法は三つの国民の義務を定めている。

academic

The Constitution of Japan defines three duties of the citizens.

5

契約書に従い、我々は報告の義務を果たします。

business

In accordance with the contract, we will fulfill our reporting obligations.

Famille de mots

Nom
義務
Verb
義務づける
Adverbe
義務的に
Adjectif
義務的
Apparenté
義務感

Collocations courantes

義務を果たす to fulfill a duty
義務がある to have an obligation
義務教育 compulsory education
義務を怠る to neglect one's duty
義務を負う to bear a responsibility

Phrases Courantes

義務を遂行する

to carry out a duty

道徳的義務

moral obligation

義務付けられている

to be mandated/required

Souvent confondu avec

義務 vs 責任

Gimu is the 'must-do' task required by rule/law, while Sekinin is the 'accountability' or being the one blamed if something goes wrong.

📝

Notes d'usage

義務 is often used in legal, educational, and social contexts to describe things that are mandatory. In casual conversation, it can sound quite heavy or formal unless used to emphasize that something is a 'must.'

⚠️

Erreurs courantes

Learners often use 義務 for simple daily chores (like washing dishes), whereas 'shigoto' or 'yaru koto' is more natural. Use 義務 for more serious or systematic requirements.

💡

Astuce mémo

The first kanji 義 means 'justice' or 'righteousness,' and the second 務 means 'task' or 'work.' Think of it as the 'work you must do for justice.'

📖

Origine du mot

A Sino-Japanese compound consisting of 義 (righteousness/morality) and 務 (task/labor).

Modèles grammaticaux

Used as a noun: [Noun] + の義務 Used with the verb 'to have': [Noun/Person] + には + [Action] + 義務がある
🌍

Contexte culturel

In Japan, the relationship between 'Gimu' (duty) and 'Kenri' (rights) is a central concept in civic education, often emphasizing that duties to society must be fulfilled to maintain harmony.

Quiz rapide

日本では、9年間の( )教育が定められています。

Correct !

La bonne réponse est : 義務

Expressions liées

Mots lis

保護

A1

The act of keeping someone or something safe from harm, damage, or loss by providing care or creating boundaries. It is a versatile term in Japanese used for social welfare, environmental conservation, and digital security.

革命

A1

A fundamental and sudden change in political power or social structure, often involving a shift in governance. It also refers to a major, transformative shift in technology, thought, or a specific field that completely alters how things are done.

拡大

A1

The act of making something larger in size, scale, or scope. It is frequently used for physical enlargement (like a photo) or abstract growth (like a business or a problem).

販売

A1

The act of selling goods or services to customers, typically within a commercial or professional context. It refers to the business process of making items available for purchase.

取引

A1

A transaction or business deal involving the exchange of money, goods, or services. It refers to the process of doing business with another party or making a trade.

貯金

A1

The act of saving money or the amount of money saved, typically in a bank or a piggy bank. It refers to setting aside funds for future use rather than spending them immediately.

借金

A1

A sum of money that is borrowed from a person or an institution and is expected to be paid back. It refers to the state of owing money or the specific amount of debt accumulated.

利益

A1

Refers to the financial profit a company or individual makes after deducting expenses. It also describes a general benefit, advantage, or gain that someone receives from a situation or action.

損失

A1

A formal noun referring to the loss of something valuable, such as money, property, or time. It is commonly used in business or serious contexts to describe a reduction in value or a disadvantageous outcome.

予算

A1

A budget or an estimate of the amount of money available for a specific purpose. It refers to the financial plan or limit set before spending occurs in personal, business, or government contexts.

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