因果関係
The relationship between an event (the cause) and a second event (the effect), where the second event is understood as a physical consequence of the first.
Examples
3 of 5二つの出来事の間に因果関係があるとは限らない。
There isn't necessarily a causal relationship between the two events.
裁判所は、事故と損害の因果関係を認めた。
The court recognized the causal link between the accident and the damages.
それ、本当に因果関係あるの？ただの偶然じゃない？
Is there really a causal link? Isn't it just a coincidence?
Word Family
Memory Tip
In (cause) + Ga (effect) + Kankei (relationship). Cause and effect relationship.
Quick Quiz
この二つの現象には、明確な（ ）が認められない。
Correct!
The correct answer is: 因果関係
Examples
二つの出来事の間に因果関係があるとは限らない。
everydayThere isn't necessarily a causal relationship between the two events.
裁判所は、事故と損害の因果関係を認めた。
formalThe court recognized the causal link between the accident and the damages.
それ、本当に因果関係あるの？ただの偶然じゃない？
informalIs there really a causal link? Isn't it just a coincidence?
統計学において、相関関係と因果関係を混同してはならない。
academicIn statistics, one must not confuse correlation with causation.
新商品の売上不振について、因果関係を分析する必要がある。
businessWe need to analyze the cause-and-effect relationship regarding the poor sales of the new product.
Word Family
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
因果応報
retributive justice / what goes around comes around
因果の連鎖
chain of causality
因果を含める
to explain the situation to make someone accept it
Often Confused With
Sōkan kankei (correlation) means two things move together; inga kankei (causation) means one causes the other.
Usage Notes
A key term for IELTS Task 2 writing when discussing reasons and results.
Common Mistakes
Using '相関' when you mean '因果'. Remember: correlation is not causation.
Memory Tip
In (cause) + Ga (effect) + Kankei (relationship). Cause and effect relationship.
Word Origin
Buddhist origin (In-ga) referring to the law of cause and effect.
Grammar Patterns
Cultural Context
The concept of 'Inga' is deeply rooted in Japanese Buddhist thought.
Quick Quiz
この二つの現象には、明確な（ ）が認められない。
Correct!
The correct answer is: 因果関係
Related Vocabulary
More science words
抽出
B1The act of taking out or extracting a specific part or element from a larger whole, often used for data or substances.
均一
B1Being uniform or the same throughout in quality, size, or nature. It is used to describe consistency in scientific samples or standardized pricing.
媒介
B1Acting as an intermediary or a carrier. It is used for insects carrying diseases, chemicals acting as agents, or media carrying information.
変数
B1A factor or quantity that is liable to change in an experiment, calculation, or logical model. It is a fundamental term in mathematics and research.
分布
B1The way in which something is shared out or spread over an area or among a group.
適合
B1The act of fitting or conforming to a standard, environment, or requirement; adaptation or suitability.
過程
B1A series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end; a process. It refers to the progression of something over time.
分類
B1The action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics. It is used to organize information or objects into groups.
原理
B1A fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation for a system of belief or behavior or for a chain of reasoning; a scientific law.
比例
B1A relationship between two quantities where they increase or decrease at the same rate. It is commonly used in mathematics, science, and social statistics.
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