A1 noun Neutre #2,794 le plus courant

症状

shōjō [ɕoːd͡ʑoː]

A 'shōjō' refers to the physical or mental signs that indicate a person has a specific illness or medical condition. It is used to describe the manifestations of a disease, such as a cough, fever, or pain, rather than the name of the disease itself.

Exemples

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1

風邪の症状があります。

I have cold symptoms.

2

どのような症状が見られますか?

What kind of symptoms are being observed?

3

どんな症状?

What are the symptoms?

Famille de mots

Nom
症状
Apparenté
症候群
💡

Astuce mémo

The first kanji 症 means 'illness' and contains the 'sick' radical 疒. Think of it as the 'show' (shō) of an illness.

Quiz rapide

風邪の____があるので、薬を飲みます。

Correct !

La bonne réponse est : 症状

Exemples

1

風邪の症状があります。

everyday

I have cold symptoms.

2

どのような症状が見られますか?

formal

What kind of symptoms are being observed?

3

どんな症状?

informal

What are the symptoms?

4

その病気の主な症状は、高熱と咳です。

academic

The main symptoms of that disease are high fever and a cough.

5

症状が悪化したため、本日は休みます。

business

Because my symptoms worsened, I will be taking today off.

Famille de mots

Nom
症状
Apparenté
症候群

Collocations courantes

症状が出る symptoms appear
症状を抑える to suppress symptoms
軽い症状 mild symptoms
重い症状 severe symptoms
症状を伝える to describe/report symptoms

Phrases Courantes

症状が重い

to have severe symptoms

症状を訴える

to complain of symptoms

自覚症状

subjective symptoms (symptoms the patient notices themselves)

Souvent confondu avec

症状 vs 状態

Jōtai is a general 'state' or 'condition' of any object, while shōjō specifically refers to medical signs of illness.

症状 vs 病状

Byōjō refers to the overall progress or status of a disease, whereas shōjō refers to the specific signs (like fever).

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Notes d'usage

Use this word when talking to a doctor or describing why you feel sick. It can refer to both physical problems (fever, pain) and mental health signs.

⚠️

Erreurs courantes

Learners often use 'byōki' (illness) when they want to describe specific signs. Remember that 'shōjō' is the symptom, not the name of the sickness.

💡

Astuce mémo

The first kanji 症 means 'illness' and contains the 'sick' radical 疒. Think of it as the 'show' (shō) of an illness.

📖

Origine du mot

Composed of 症 (illness/condition) and 状 (status/form), originating from Middle Chinese medical terminology.

Modèles grammaticaux

Noun + がある (to have symptoms) Noun + が出る (symptoms appear) Noun + の + 悪化 (worsening of symptoms)
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Contexte culturel

In Japanese medical culture, patients are expected to describe their 'shōjō' accurately so doctors can make a quick diagnosis, often starting with 'doko ga itai desu ka?' (where does it hurt?).

Quiz rapide

風邪の____があるので、薬を飲みます。

Correct !

La bonne réponse est : 症状

Mots lis

unknown

A1

A student attending a university or college for higher education. In Japan, it specifically refers to undergraduate students in a four-year university or a two-year junior college.

革命

A1

A fundamental and sudden change in political power or social structure, often involving a shift in governance. It also refers to a major, transformative shift in technology, thought, or a specific field that completely alters how things are done.

維持

A1

The act of keeping something in its current state, condition, or level over a period of time. It is commonly used to describe the maintenance of health, systems, relationships, or the status quo.

縮小

A1

The act of reducing the size, scale, or scope of something. It is commonly used when talking about downsizing operations, shrinking digital images, or narrowing the range of a project.

契約

A1

A legally binding agreement between two or more parties that specifies terms and conditions. It is commonly used for mobile phones, apartment rentals, and employment agreements.

取引

A1

A transaction or business deal involving the exchange of money, goods, or services. It refers to the process of doing business with another party or making a trade.

借金

A1

A sum of money that is borrowed from a person or an institution and is expected to be paid back. It refers to the state of owing money or the specific amount of debt accumulated.

予算

A1

A budget or an estimate of the amount of money available for a specific purpose. It refers to the financial plan or limit set before spending occurs in personal, business, or government contexts.

賃金

A1

Chingin refers to the money paid to a worker in exchange for labor or services, similar to wages. It is frequently used in formal, legal, and economic contexts, particularly when discussing minimum wage or labor statistics.

降格

A1

A noun or verb that describes a reduction in rank, status, or position within an organization or sports league. It is most commonly used when a worker is moved to a lower job title or when a sports team is moved to a lower division due to poor performance.

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