B2 adjective Neutre

bitterly

/ˈbɪt.ər.li/

An adverb used to describe actions or feelings done with intense resentment, deep disappointment, or extreme harshness. It is also frequently used to emphasize that weather conditions are painfully cold.

Exemples

3 sur 5
1

He complained bitterly about the poor service he received at the restaurant.

He expressed his strong dissatisfaction in a resentful way about the bad service.

2

The new legislation was bitterly opposed by the minority parties in parliament.

The new laws were fought against with intense hostility by the smaller parties.

3

I was bitterly disappointed that they cancelled the concert at the last minute.

I felt extremely sad and let down that the show was called off.

Famille de mots

Nom
bitterness
Verb
embitter
Adverbe
bitterly
Adjectif
bitter
Apparenté
bitters
💡

Astuce mémo

Think of the 'bite' in 'bitterly'. It describes a cold wind that 'bites' your skin or words that 'bite' with anger.

Quiz rapide

After losing the championship by just one point, the team was ___ disappointed.

Correct !

La bonne réponse est : bitterly

Exemples

1

He complained bitterly about the poor service he received at the restaurant.

everyday

He expressed his strong dissatisfaction in a resentful way about the bad service.

2

The new legislation was bitterly opposed by the minority parties in parliament.

formal

The new laws were fought against with intense hostility by the smaller parties.

3

I was bitterly disappointed that they cancelled the concert at the last minute.

informal

I felt extremely sad and let down that the show was called off.

4

The two scholars were bitterly divided over the validity of the experimental data.

academic

The two academics had a very strong and angry disagreement about the data.

5

The company faced a bitterly contested takeover bid that lasted for six months.

business

The company dealt with a very aggressive and hostile attempt to be bought out.

Famille de mots

Nom
bitterness
Verb
embitter
Adverbe
bitterly
Adjectif
bitter
Apparenté
bitters

Collocations courantes

bitterly cold extremely and painfully cold weather
bitterly disappointed feeling a deep sense of letdown
bitterly regret to feel very sorry about something done in the past
bitterly opposed strongly and angrily against something
bitterly resent to feel deep anger or unfairness about a situation

Phrases Courantes

fight to the bitter end

to continue a struggle until it is finished, no matter how difficult

a bitterly pill to swallow

an unpleasant fact that must be accepted (usually uses adjective form 'bitter')

bitterly contested

argued or fought over with great intensity

Souvent confondu avec

bitterly vs severely

While both mean 'very', bitterly implies resentment or cold, whereas severely implies seriousness or strictness.

📝

Notes d'usage

Bitterly is almost exclusively used with negative emotions or uncomfortable physical sensations like cold. It is rarely used to describe positive intensity.

⚠️

Erreurs courantes

Learners sometimes use 'bitterly' to mean 'very' in a positive context, such as 'bitterly happy,' which is incorrect.

💡

Astuce mémo

Think of the 'bite' in 'bitterly'. It describes a cold wind that 'bites' your skin or words that 'bite' with anger.

📖

Origine du mot

Derived from the Old English 'bitre', which is related to the verb 'to bite', suggesting a sharp or stinging sensation.

Modèles grammaticaux

Typically modifies adjectives (e.g., bitterly cold) Commonly modifies verbs of emotion or speech (e.g., weep bitterly, complain bitterly) No comparative form like 'bitterlier'; use 'more bitterly'
🌍

Contexte culturel

In English-speaking northern climates, 'bitterly cold' is a standard meteorological description for winter weather that is damp and freezing.

Quiz rapide

After losing the championship by just one point, the team was ___ disappointed.

Correct !

La bonne réponse est : bitterly

Mots lis

exarchness

C1

The state or quality of being an exarch, specifically referring to the authoritative status or regional jurisdiction of a deputy ruler or high-ranking ecclesiastical official. It describes the inherent power and dignity associated with governing a province or diocese on behalf of a higher sovereign.

perihumer

C1

A technical term referring to the anatomical region or specific tissue structures immediately surrounding the humerus bone in the upper arm. It is primarily used in orthopedic medicine and physical therapy to describe areas of concern during surgery, injury assessment, or prosthetic fitting.

microfluship

C1

A precise, automated release of a minimal amount of fluid or data used to clear a micro-system or reset high-sensitivity sensors. It is typically employed in microfluidic engineering and advanced computing to prevent sediment buildup or signal noise.

antiponness

C1

The quality or state of being opposed to or averse to hard labor, toil, or physical exertion. It describes a deep-seated resistance to performing arduous tasks, often found in philosophical or psychological discussions about the nature of work.

forenumerary

C1

Describes something that pertains to an initial or preliminary counting or listing that occurs before the main enumeration. It is typically used in administrative, historical, or technical contexts to refer to items or individuals recorded ahead of a final official tally.

detangite

C1

To separate components, strands, or ideas that have become intricately intertwined or knotted. It is most frequently used in formal or technical contexts to describe the process of unravelling a complex situation, data set, or physical structure.

unitangine

C1

Describing a process or system that operates through a single point of contact or a singular, unbranching focus. It is often used in technical or analytical contexts to denote a direct and isolated interaction between two entities.

enjectment

C1

Ejectment is a legal action or remedy brought by a person who claims title to real property to recover possession of that property. It is primarily used to remove a tenant or squatter who is wrongfully occupying the land and to settle disputes regarding the rightful owner's title.

invertite

C1

Describing something that has been reversed in position, order, or nature, or turned upside down. It is a highly specialized or archaic term used primarily in technical, historical, or biological contexts to denote a state of inversion.

malteghood

C1

Describing a state marked by deep-seated communal loyalty and historical resilience. It refers to qualities or behaviors that prioritize the preservation of a group's collective identity and shared fortitude above individual interests.

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